Riaan 
Ukufika kukaMongameli wase-Ukraine uVolodymyr Zelenskyy eYurophu ekuqaleni kukaFebhuwari kwafika nomyalezo ocacile kubalingani bakhe: sinikeze izindiza zokulwa nezikhali ezinzima, futhi ungalibali.
“Ngokushesha i-Ukraine ingathola izikhali ezinamandla, ezithatha ibanga elide […] ngokushesha lolu dlame lwaseRussia luzophela futhi sizobuyisela ukuthula eYurophu,” esho esitatimendeni esihlanganyelwe noMongameli waseFrance u-Emmanuel Macron kanye noShansela waseJalimane u-Olaf Scholz eParis ngo-8 February.
Kodwa isinqumo sokuhlinzeka i-Ukraine – engeyona ilungu le-NATO futhi ngaleyo ndlela ingavikelwe yiqoqo lezokuvikela elifakwe ku-Article 5 yesivumelwano sayo sokusungula – ngezikhali ezinzima zigcwele izinkinga ezingase zibe khona, njengoba amazwe anesisindo sokusekela i-Ukraine kwezempi ngokumelene nokukhathazeka okungenzeka. ukwandisa udweshu.
Ngakho-ke, yimaphi amazwe athumela izikhali ezinzima e-Ukraine? Futhi ingabe benza ngokwanele?
Amazwe athumela ini?
I-US, UK, Poland kanye neJalimane basebenzise ukwesekwa okukhulu kwezempi e-Ukraine, ngokusho kweKiel Institute for the World Economy’s. I-tracker yokusekela yase-Ukraine.
Idatha efanayo ikhombisa ukuthi i-United States ihamba phambili ngokusobala, ithembise u-€44,3 billion kusukela ngoJanuwari 2022.
“I-United States isihole kakhulu, ayikasondeli nakancane,” kusho uBrad Bowmann, uMqondisi Omkhulu we-Foundation for Defense of Democracies (FDD). “Futhi, ngicabanga ukuthi, kuhlanganiswe nesibindi nesibindi sase-Ukraine, yisizathu esenza i-Ukraine iqhubeke nokuba khona.”
I-UK ingeyesibili ngobukhulu umhlinzeki wosekelo lwezempi e-Ukraine, ngokusho kweKiel Institute.
Idatha ibonisa ukuthi i-UK ihlinzeke ngengcebo yamarokhethi, izinhlelo zokuzivikela, izimoto ezihlomile, izikhali, izinhlamvu nokuqeqeshwa e-Ukraine ngonyaka odlule, okufika ku-€ 2.5 billion. Ngomhla ziyi-14 kuMasingana 2023, i-UK yaba izwe lokuqala ukunikeza i-Ukraine i-Challenger 2s, ithangi lempi lesimanje lasentshonalanga.
Ngokwemininingwane evela eKiel Institute, ePoland, eyabelana ngomngcele wayo osempumalanga ne-Ukraine, yathembisa u-€2.4 billion wosizo lwezempi ngonyaka odlule. I-Germany iphinde yathumela ngaphezu kwama-euro ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-2.4 ezimpahleni zempi.
“Ngingakhomba amaPoles njengadlala indima encomekayo. Ngizokhomba amazwe aseBaltic njengadlala indima enhle kakhulu. Uyazi, isimanga esikhulu khona lapho empumalanga ye-NATO, asondelene kakhulu neRussia. bear, ngakho-ke abanalo inkohliso ngesitha sethu lapho,” kusho uBrad Bowmann.
Nakuba ingeyona echitha imali enkulu uma iqhathaniswa nokuthandwa yi-US ne-UK, i-Estonia, nokho, ingumhlinzeki ophambili wezokuvikela nosizo lwabantu, basebenzise cishe u-1.1% we-GDP yabo.
Ngempela, uNdunankulu wase-Estonia uKaja Kallas uthe “Uma i-Ukraine iwa, inkululeko izoba sengozini nakwezinye izingxenye zomhlaba. Ngokusiza i-Ukraine ukuthi ivikele ukuzimela kwayo, sivikela ilungelo lenkululeko kanye nentando yeningi yawo wonke amazwe, kuhlanganise. e-Estonia.”
Ngo-2022, i-Poland ne-Estonia kubikwa ukuthi ifuna ukukhulisa ibhentshimakhi yezindleko zokuvikela yomfelandawonye isuke ku-2% iye ku-2.5% noma ngisho no-3% we-GDP yamazwe angamalungu.
Ingabe amalungu e-NATO athumela ngokwanele?
I-US, i-UK kanye neJalimane ithumela amathangi, futhi iJalimane ivumele amanye amazwe aseNtshonalanga ukuthi athumele amathangi ayo okuzenzela ephuma emikhunjini yawo, kodwa lokhu akubonakali kuwuvala umlomo i-Kyiv yokucela izikhali ezinzima.
I-Ukraine inxuse amazwe aseNtshonalanga ukuthi ahlinzeke ngezindiza zempi ukuze avikele izwe ngokumelene neRussia. Kweyakhe vakashela e-UK ngenyanga edlule, uZelenskyy ucele uNdunankulu uRishi Sunak ukuthi “asinike amaphiko.” Futhi, uMongameli waseMelika uJoe Biden usevele “ukukhiphile” ukuthumela izindiza zempi ze-F-16 ezifunwa kakhulu e-Ukraine.
“Ama-F-16 angahlinzeka ngenani lezinzuzo, zamakhono e-Ukraine, ngokungangabazeki. Impendulo abaphathi be-Biden abayinikezayo akuyona into abayidinga kakhulu njengamanje. Ngivumelana nalokho,” uBrad Bowmann utshele i-Euronews.
Esikhundleni salokho, u-Bowmann ugcizelele ukuthi abalingani be-NATO bangenza okwengeziwe mayelana nokufeza izithembiso zabo zokusebenzisa imali yokuzivikela.
“Ngingavele ngikhombe ngokushesha […] umbiko wakamuva wokusetshenziswa kwemali kwezokuvikela yi-NATO. Namanje, ngalesi sikhathi sokugcina, iningi labalingani bethu base-Europe abangazihloniphi izibopho zabo zokusebenzisa imali kwezokuvikela. Ngiqonde ukuthi, woza, kuyadumaza kakhulu lokho,” etshela i-Euronews.
“Angiyena umuntu ogxeka iYurophu lapha, kodwa ngiqonde ukuthi: ukuhlasela komhlaba okukhulu kunawo wonke eYurophu kusukela ngeMpi Yezwe Yesibili; ukuhlasela okukhulu kwenhloko-dolobha yaseYurophu; amashumi ezinkulungwane zabantu ababulawa futhi babulawa empini engenabulungisa bezama ukuvikela amakhaya abo futhi ngeke uhloniphe izibopho zakho zokusebenzisa imali yokuzivikela? […] Asinawo ama-logistics lapha. Lapha, e-Ukraine, nanka amathangi amane. Oh, nanka amathangi ayisishiyagalombili. Nawa amathangi ayi-12. Badinga amakhulu amathangi!”
Ingabe izikhali ezinzima zifika ngokushesha ngokwanele?
NgoFebhuwari, abaphathi be-Biden bathembisa ukuthi bazothumela iBhomu Elincane Elingububanzi Bendawo Eyethulwe Emhlabathini, noma i-GLSDB, uhlelo olunobubanzi obukhulu kakhulu kunamarokhethi ezikhali zase-Ukraine ahlinzekwa yiNtshonalanga.
Kodwa-ke, lezi zikhali akulindelekile ukuthi zifike kuze kube yikwindla futhi ochwepheshe besaba ukuthi lokhu kuzobe sekwephuze kakhulu njengoba kulindeleke ukuhlaselwa okubalulekile kweRussia ne-Ukraine futhi kungacacisa ukuthi impi izoba kanjani.
“Amazwe amaningi, kuhlanganise ne-United States […] senze lokhu esikubiza ngokuthi ‘isheke eposini’: hey, sizothumela lokhu noma lokhuya. Ezikhathini eziningi, into okukhulunywa ngayo ngeke ifike kuze kube sekuphele izinyanga ezine,” kuchaza uBowmann.
“Uma ungowase-Ukraine ulwa empini, ubona abangani bakho bebulawa futhi belimala […] indlela ‘yesheke ekumeyili’ cishe ayibagculisi ngokukhethekile […] ikakhulukazi uma beqonda ukuthi empeleni basemngceleni wenkululeko, besilwela sonke.”
Ukwesaba ukucasulwa
Enkulumweni yakhe ku-Bundestag ngomhla zingama-25 kuJanuwari, uShansela u-Olaf Scholz umemezele ukuthi ekugcineni iJalimane izothumela amathangi angu-14 Leopard 2A e-Ukraine futhi izovumela namanye amazwe ukuthi aphinde akhiphe awabo uma efisa ukwenza kanjalo.
UBerlin ekuqaleni ubemanqikanqika ukuthembisa ukuletha izikhali ezinzima, esho ukukhathazeka mayelana nokubhebhetheka kwengxabano. Ikhethe esikhundleni salokho ukunikela ngezinto ezingabulali, njengezigqoko zokulwa.
Kwagxekwa kakhulu ngalokhu, ikakhulukazi uMongameli Zelenskyy. Kuphinde kwaba nengcindezi evela komakhelwane base-Europe, abafana ne-Poland, yokugunyaza ukuthunyelwa kabusha kwamathangi e-Leopard 2 e-Ukraine.
U-Bowmann ukhulume ngokuvakasha kwalowo owayenguMongameli wase-Ukraine u-Petro Porosheko ngo-2014 e-White House eyocela owayenguMongameli wangaleso sikhathi u-Barack Obama izikhali zokulwa nabahlukanisi ababesekelwa yiRussia eCrimea.
Enkulumweni yakhe neSigele saseMelika kanye neHouse of Representatives, uthe “Izingubo zokulala nezibuko zokubuka ebusuku nazo zibalulekile. Kodwa umuntu ngeke ayinqobe impi ngezingubo zokulala.”
“Ubekusho lokho ngoba abaphathi baka-Obama benqabile ukunikeza i-Ukraine izikhali. Kungani? Kungani? Ngoba besingafuni ukuchukuluza uPutin,” kuchaza uBowmann.
“Ngakho-ke umlayezo wami obalulekile kunoma ubani ozimisele ukulalela owokuthi kufanele sichithe isikhathi esiningi sisiza ukwakha imibuso yentando yeningi ecindezelekile futhi sinciphise isikhathi sokukhathazeka ngokubhebhethekisa iziqhwaga ezinobushiqela okungenzeka ukuthi zizohlasela noma kunjalo.”
