Riaan 
Ipolitiki yokufika kwabantu base-US isishintshile ekseni layo kulezi zinsuku eziyi-10 ezedlule.
Owayengumongameli uTrump kanye labaphathi bakhe bachithe iminyaka bephikisana ngokuthi abantu abawela umngcele ngaphandle kwemvumo akumelanga babhalisele ukukhoseliswa eMelika kalula. Lokho kujwayela amashumi eminyaka akusasebenzi, uTrump nethimba lakhe baphikelela.
Ngomhla zingama-21 kuNhlolanja, uMongameli uBiden wenza isiphakamiso sohlelo olulingana nokugunyazwa kwesikhundla somanduleli wakhe.
Sekuyisikhathi eside imithetho yamazwe ngamazwe neyaseMelika ivumela abantu abeqa imingcele ukuthi bafune ukuvikelwa ekushushisweni emakhaya. Kepha isiphakamiso sikaBiden sizokwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukuthi abokufika bazuze ukukhoseliswa lapha uma bedabula izwe lesithathu bese bewela umngcele baye e-US ngaphandle kwemvume. Inqubomgomo izobuyisela emuva izibopho zaseMelika ezihlala isikhathi eside kubantu abafuna ukukhoseliswa, ibeka imingcele eqinile yokuthi labo ababalekela ukushushiswa bangafaka kuphi futhi kanjani izicelo zokuvikelwa.
“Sibheke ohlelweni lapho kuzoba nzima kakhulu kunoma ngubani oweqa umngcele ngaphandle kokugunyazwa ukuthola indawo yokukhosela,” kusho u-Yael Schacher, umqondisi weMelika kanye neYurophu kwaRefugees International.
“Ngeke sibuyele kulokho esasiyikho ngaphambi kukaTrump,” kusho yena. “Yilokho okuzwakalayo.”
Ukukhala komphakathi mayelana nenqubomgomo entsha kuthulisiwe, ngisho naphakathi kwamaDemocrats. Iningi lomphakathi eliphikisa lolu hlelo livela kubameli bokufika abahlale begxeka umnyakazo kaBiden emngceleni. Amanye amaRiphabhulikhi asesekele lesi siphakamiso.
Kepha ukubaluleka kwalolu shintsho akulahleki ezikhulwini zokuphatha zeBiden, ezinye zazo ezivuma ngasese ukushabalala kohlelo lokukhosela lwangaphambi kukaTrump.
“Indawo yokukhosela emngceleni ayisekho njengoba besicabanga ngayo phambilini,” kusho esinye isikhulu sezokuphatha eBiden, esikhulume ngokungaziwa ukuthi sidingide lolu daba ngokukhululeka njengabanye.
Isikhulu sesibili saseBiden siphinde sasho lokhu, sachaza ukuthi “isimo sokukhoseliswa silimele kakhulu.” Owesithathu wakhala ngokuthi Isihloko 42, okuyisilinganiso senkathi kaTrump esasusa ukutholakala kwendawo yokukhosela egameni lezempilo yomphakathi, senza noma yikuphi ukubuyela esimweni sangaphambi kukaTrump emngceleni kubonakale sengathi “kuyengeza.”
“Kuthe uma singabamukeli abafuna ukukhoseliswa, kwaba sengathi kufanele kube nesinqumo esivumayo sokwamukela abafuna ukukhoseliswa. Ngaphambi kwalokho, bekunikezwe ukuthi abantu abafuna ukukhoseliswa bazokwamukelwa,” kusho lesi sikhulu sicaphuna umthetho wamazwe omhlaba nowaseMelika. “Ngesikhathi isimo se-quo sishintsha, sashintsha imibono yesisekelo. Kungazelelwe, kwaba ukukhetha. Isimo esasikhona bekuwukubavimba, futhi isimo sihlala silula.”
Ngaphansi kwesiphakamiso sikaBiden, abafuduki abeqa umngcele oseningizimu ngaphandle kokugunyazwa kuzothathwa ngokuthi abafaneleki ukukhoseliswa uma benganqatshelwa ukukhoseliswa kwelinye izwe abahamba ngalo lapho beya e-US.
Ukunqoba ukucabangela okunjalo kunzima kakhulu.
Izikhulu zeHomeland Security zifuna abokufika bahlele ukuqokwa nezikhulu zasemngceleni endaweni yokungena noma bafune enye indlela esemthethweni, kunokuba bawele umngcele kuqala. Uma iphothulwa, inqubomgomo entsha izosebenza iminyaka emibili.
Lesi siphakamiso empeleni senza indawo lapho abokufika befaka izicelo zokukhoseliswa ibaluleke kakhulu kunokufaneleka kwezicelo zabo, kusho uStephanie Leutert, umqondisi weCentral America and Mexico Policy Initiative eNyuvesi yaseTexas e-Austin kanye nalowo owayeyisikhulu sezokuphatha eBiden owayesebenza eMbusweni. Umnyango.
“Ukwenza lokho kucace nakakhulu, kungenzeka ukuthi ubalekele izinkulungwane zamamayela, kodwa lezo zinyathelo zokugcina – echwebeni lokungena eligandayiwe, ogwadule ogwadule, noma phansi odaka lwaseRio Grande – manje yizo ezinquma isimangalo sakho sokuvikela e-United. States,” kusho yena.
Izikhulu zikahulumeni ziwuvikele lo mthetho ohlongozwayo ngokuchaza ukuthi awukona ukuvinjelwa okuqinile. Lezi zikhulu zikhomba nezinhlelo ezivumela abafuduki abavela eVenezuela, Cuba, Nicaragua naseHaiti ukuthi bafune ukungena e-US uma benabaxhasi bezezimali. Enye inqubo ivumela labo abawela ngaphandle kokugunyazwa ukuthi baphonsele inselelo umbono wokuthi abafanelekile ukukhoseliswa ezimeni ezithile, njengezimo eziphuthumayo zezokwelapha.
Izikhulu zezokuphatha ezikhulume nabezindaba ngesonto eledlule zithe ngeke zivumele isiphithiphithi noma isiphithiphithi emngceleni, nokuthi le nqubomgomo akuyona into yokuqala abayithandayo.
Uhlelo lokukhoseliswa lusenkingeni iminyaka: Ukusalela emuva kwezimangalo kukhule kakhulu, futhi iCongress ayinazo izixazululo ezicacile. UBiden usenxuse kaningi ukuthi iCongress idlulise izinguquko eziphelele kwezokufika.
Kepha ezinye izikhulu zokuphatha iBiden ziyavuma ngasese ukuthi leli qhinga elisha beliqhutshwa yipolitiki.
“Ipolitiki yokhetho ibalulekile uma kuziwa ekutholeni indawo yokukhosela. Isifiso sokugcina umngcele uthule siholele ekuyekeni lokho ebengicabanga ukuthi bekuyizinkolelo zeDemocratic Alliance,” kusho isikhulu sesibili saseBiden. “AmaDemocrat alahlekelwe amandla, ngobuso obuqondile, ukugxeka uTrump noma indlela elandelayo yabaphathi beRiphabhulikhi mayelana nokufika kwabantu kwamanye amazwe.”
Abaphathi beBiden sekunesikhathi eside behlaselwa amaRiphabhulikhi ngenxa yezibalo eziningi zokuboshwa emngceleni oseningizimu. NgoJanuwari, abaphathi baqala umzamo wokwehlisa lezo zinombolo ngokusebenzisa Isihloko 42, isilinganiso sezempilo somphakathi sesikhathi sikaTrump, ukuze babuyele eMexico noma yibaphi abantu baseVenezuela, baseNicaragua kanye nabaseCuba – ubuzwe babo phambilini bebenza kwaba nzima ukubaxoshela ekhaya labo. amazwe. Ngaso leso sikhathi, izikhulu zeBiden zenze uhlelo lokuvumela abafuduki abavela kulawo mazwe ukuthi bafune ukungena e-US nomxhasi wezezimali.
Ngemuva kwaleso simemezelo sikaJanuwari, izinombolo zokuwela imingcele okungagunyaziwe zehla zafika ezingeni eliphansi kakhulu cishe eminyakeni emibili.
Abaphathi bagubhe lokhu kwehla kwezitatimende zomphakathi, futhi bakusho ngesonto eledlule emqulwini onamakhasi angaphezu kwe-100 obeka isiphakamiso senqubomgomo yemingcele entsha. Ngokwalowo mbhalo, izikhulu zazikhathazekile ngokuthi ukuphela kwezinyathelo zemingcele yenkathi yobhubhane ngoMeyi kungase kuqhubekisele phambili ukukhathazeka kwemingcele kuze kufike ku-13,000 ngosuku.
Leso sibalo, abaphathi bahlulele, kungaba yinhlekelele ezosebenzisa kabi izinsiza, iholele ekugcwaleni ezindaweni zasemngceleni, futhi idale ukukhathazeka kwezokuphepha. Ukuze bakugweme, banquma ukuthi inqubo yokukhoseliswa kufanele ihlelwe kabusha.
“Phakathi kweCongress kanye nohlelo lokufuduka oluphelelwe yisikhathi kanye nezinombolo eziphezulu ezingapheli, [plus] ukucatshangelwa kwezinombolo eziphakeme kakhulu, sipendwe ekhoneni,” kuchaza isikhulu sesine saseBiden.
Kepha inkinga enkulu, kwaphikiswa isikhulu sesihlanu seBiden, bekugxilwe ngabezindaba kanye nohulumeni ngenani lokuwela imingcele – egcwele umhlaba wonke njengoba abantu abaningi befudukela kuyo yonke indawo – esikhundleni sokuthi i-US ibaphatha kanjani abokufika.
“Inkinga enkulu ukuthi konke okugxilwe kukho nawo wonke umqondo wokulawula umngcele kusho ukwehlisa izinombolo. Uma ucabanga ukuthi lokho kusho ukuthi yimpi ehlulwayo,” kusho lesi sikhulu. “Isilinganiso somphakathi [of success] indlela yokwehlisa izinombolo, ngakho izinqubomgomo zibhalelwa izinombolo eziphansi. Yilokho wonke umuntu akufunayo.”
Uma isiphakamiso sikaBiden siphothulwa, abaphathi bazobhekana namacala e-American Civil Liberties Union namanye amaqembu angekho ngaphansi kukahulumeni alwele ukuvimba izinqubomgomo zokuphatha zabaphathi bakaTrump. Umphakathi nawo unezinsuku ezingu-30 zokuthi uphawule ngalesi siphakamiso ngaphambi kokuba izikhulu ziphothule.
Njengoba kunezinqubomgomo ezintsha ezizovela, ezinye izikhulu zendawo yokukhosela seziqala ukucabanga ngokusobala ukushiya imisebenzi yazo, kusho uMichael Knowles, okhulumela i-American Federation of Government Employees Council 119, inyunyana ebamele.
“Amamitha okukhathazeka ayakhuphuka,” kusho u-Knowles, umakadebona webutho lesikhulu se-asylum iminyaka engu-30, othi abanye bayazibuza: “Ingabe kuzofanele ngenze ukukhetha phakathi kobizo lwami, indlela engiziphilisa ngayo yokuba umvikeli wababaleki? noma ukuhamba ngenxa kanembeza?”
Uthe okokugcina ebona izikhulu eziningi kangaka ze-asylum zicabanga ukushiya umsebenzi eminyakeni edlule, ngesikhathi sokuphatha kukaTrump.
