Riaan 
Imboni yezindiza izophoqeleka ukuthi ithathe izinyathelo ezintsha zokuvikela abagibeli nabasebenzi entuthukweni enobuthi ezindizeni ngaphansi komthethosivivinywa owethulwe kuCongress kule nyanga.
Umthetho uhlose ukubhekana neqiniso eliyisisekelo lokundiza: Umoya owuphefumulayo ezindizeni uvela ngokuqondile ezinjinini zejethi. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile umoya uphephile, kodwa uma kunenkinga yomshini, uwoyela we-jet injini eshisayo nolunye uketshezi lwendiza lungavuza emoyeni, okungase kukhiphe amagesi anobuthi endizeni.
Nakuba amakhaya namahhovisi ezweni lonke kudingeka ukuthi abe nezithungatha ze-carbon monoxide, izindiza azinayo imfuneko enjalo.
“Sonke siphefumula umoya ongcolile,” kusho uRep. John Garamendi (D-Walnut Grove), umxhasi walo mthethosivivinywa eNdlu.
Njengamalungu amaningi eCongress, uGaramendi ujwayele ukundiza, futhi usenesikhathi eside ekhathazekile ngokuchayeka kwakhe emagesi anobuthi, esho. Ngokuvamile, “kunephunga elinamandla lokuthi uphefumula into okungafanele uyiphefumule,” kusho uGaramendi. “Noma ngubani oke waba sebhanoyini ngesikhathi eqala injini uyazi kahle ukuthi ngikhuluma ngani.”
I umthetho izodala iziqondiso ezintsha zokuqeqeshwa kwezisebenzi kanye nokubika nokuphenya imicimbi evuthayo. Izindiza kuzodingeka zifakwe izinzwa ukuze zithole ukungcoliswa komoya.
Kucashunwe abenzi bomthetho uphenyo lwe-Los Angeles Times eyathola ukuthi umhwamuko oyingozi ungcolisa umoya ezindizeni ngezikhathi ezishaqisayo, ngezinye izikhathi ugulisa abagibeli nabasebenzi futhi ukhubaza abashayeli bezindiza phakathi nezindiza. Phakathi neminyaka emibili, abashayeli bezindiza abacishe babe ngu-400, izisebenzi zasendizeni nabagibeli babike ukuthi bathola usizo lwezokwelapha ngemva kwalezi “zenzakalo ezibangela umusi,” futhi abashayeli bezindiza abayishumi nambili bachazwa njengabakhubazekile kangangokuthi abakwazanga ukwenza imisebenzi yabo, i-Times yathola.
“Umthetho wethu uthatha isinyathelo lapho i-FAA kanye nemboni yezindiza ingakaze – idinga umtshina womoya kanye nezisetshenziswa zokuqapha, ukubikwa kwezigameko, nophenyo lwalezi zenzakalo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuzizwisa okuphephile kohambo lwabo bonke abantu baseMelika,” USen. Richard Blumenthal (D-Conn. ), umxhasi walo mthethosivivinywa eSenate, esitatimendeni.
Umthethosivivinywa uphinde uxhaswe ngoSens. Edward J. Markey (D-Mass.) kanye noDianne Feinstein (D-Calif.) kanye noRep. Brian K. Fitzpatrick (R-Pa.).
Izinyunyana ezinkulu kuyo yonke imboni ezimele abashayeli bamabhanoyi, abasebenza ezindizeni kanye noomakhenikha bayawusekela lo mthetho.
“Akwamukelekile ukuthi abagibeli bezindiza kanye nabasebenzi bangase bahlaselwe ubuthi ngesikhathi bendiza – ubuthi obungase bubangele izimo zokuphefumula nezinzwa, kuhlanganise nobunzima bokuphefumula, ikhanda elibuhlungu, nokukhathala,” kusho uMengameli weTransportation Workers of America International uJohn Samuelsen esitatimendeni.
Sekuyisikhathi eside ososayensi bexwayisa ngezingozi ezingase zibe khona ngenxa yokuphefumula uwoyela wenjini ye-jet eshisayo, equkethe i-tricresyl phosphate, noma i-TCP, ikhemikhali enobuthi obuyingozi engalimaza isimiso sezinzwa. I-TCP ingaba nemiphumela esheshayo efana nekhanda elibuhlungu nesiyezi, kanye nemiphumela yesikhathi eside njengokundindizela nezinkinga zenkumbulo, kusho ochwepheshe. Abanye abashayeli bezindiza kanye nabasebenzi basendizeni baye baba nezinkinga zempilo ezimbi kakhulu, okuhlanganisa nokulimala kobuchopho, ngemva kwezigameko zomusi, kutholwe i-Times.
Umthethosivivinywa uzodinga ukulungiswa okukhulu kwezinqubo zamanje. Ayikho i-ejensi kahulumeni elandelela imicimbi eyimfucuza noma ukuthi abantu bagula kangaki noma bakhubazekile.
Ngaphandle kwezinzwa zokulinganisa ikhwalithi yomoya, izindiza zithembele endleleni yobuchwepheshe obuphansi: ukuhlolwa kwephunga. Imibhalo yangaphakathi evela ezimpahleni zezindiza nabakhiqizi bezindiza ihlinzeka ngemiyalo enemininingwane yokuhlonza ukungcoliseka kukawoyela noketshezi olusebenza ngogesi emoyeni iphunga “njengamasokisi angcolile,” “musty” kanye “acrid,” I-Times itholakele.
Lo mthetho uzodinga ukuthi izindiza zibe nezinzwa “ezizoxwayisa umshayeli wendiza nabasebenzi basendizeni ngekhwalithi yomoya engeyinhle eyingozi empilweni yabantu,” futhi uzogunyaza ukuthi izinkampani zezindiza nabakhiqizi bathuthukise izinqubo zokusabela kuma-alamu.
I-Cabin Air Safety Act ehlongozwayo akukhona okokuqala abenzi bomthetho belusukumela lolu daba. UKhongolose usubambe izigcawu kabili mayelana nekhwalithi yomoya wendiza – ngo-1994 nango-2003. Izingxenye zomthetho ezifanayo ziye zaphela kaningi ekomitini.
Abasekeli balo mthethosivivinywa omusha bathemba ukuthi ungafakwa kuMthetho Wokugunyazwa Kabusha kwe-FAA – imoto engaba lula kunokuphasisa ingxenye yomthetho ephuma kanye nje.
Akukacaci ukuthi yikuphi ukuphikiswa, uma kukhona, umthethosivivinywa ongabhekana nakho. Abakhiqizi bezindiza i-Boeing ne-Airbus abazange baphendule imibuzo mayelana nezikhundla zabo emthethweni.
“Imithethonqubo egunyaziwe kanye nezidingo zokuqapha kungaphambi kwesikhathi lapho lungekho ucwaningo lwesayensi oluqinisekisa ukukhathazeka kwezempilo, ubuchwepheshe bezinzwa obuthembekile nobunembile, kanye namazinga okuthola,” kusho uMarli Collier, okhulumela i-Airlines for America, ingalo enxenxa abathwali bomoya, wabhala isitatimende.
Ucwaningo lwekhwalithi yendiza yendiza lubheke kuphela izindiza ezijwayelekile lapho kungazange kubikwe khona imicimbi yomusi. Alukho ucwaningo olukhulu oluke lwakala amakhemikhali ezenzakalweni zomusi njengoba zenzeka.
Ngo-2003, iCongress yayala i-FAA ukuthi ilinganise amazinga amakhemikhali anobuthi ezenzakalweni ezinjalo, kodwa izindiza zenqaba ukuthi abasebenzi basendizeni baphathe amasampula omoya, ngokusho kombiko wocwaningo oluxhaswe yi-FAA.
I-FAA yenqabile ukuphawula ngomthetho osalindile. “Ucwaningo lubonise umoya wekhabethe muhle noma ungcono kunomoya otholakala emahhovisi nasezindlini,” le nhlangano itshele iThe Times ngaphambilini.
“Umoya ongaphakathi ezindizeni ze-Boeing uphephile,” kusho okhulumela i-Boeing phambilini esitatimendeni esithunyelwe yiThe Times. “Ngenxa yezinga eliphezulu lokushintshisana komoya kanye nohlelo lokuhlunga kabusha lwe-HEPA, izinga lomoya endizeni ye-Boeing liqhathaniswa kahle nezinye izindawo zomoya ezisendlini njengezikole, izakhiwo zamahhovisi, nemizi, njengoba kutholwe izifundo eziningi ezingachemile, ezivela eceleni.”
Kodwa izihlungi ze-HEPA zingahlola izinhlayiya ezingaphezu kosayizi othile kuphela. Awasebenzi ngokumelene namagesi.
Phambilini uBoeing utshele iThe Times ukuthi izifundo zesayensi azizange zikufakazele ukuxhumana phakathi kwezehlakalo zentuthu nezinkinga zempilo. Le nkampani phambilini ithe ibingazihlomisi izindiza zayo ngezinzwa zomoya ngoba abahlinzeki bempahla abakaze “bakhombise ubukhona” bemishini “ekwazi ukubona ngokuthembekile umoya owophayo.”
Kodwa uphenyo lwe-Times luthole ukuthi abaphathi be-Boeing babenezinkinga zomthetho ezedlula ukushiyeka kwezobuchwepheshe. Onjiniyela abakhulu be-Boeing bakhathazekile ngokuthi idatha evela ezinzwa ingabonakalisa umonakalo uma isetshenziswa njengobufakazi emacaleni alethwa abagibeli abagulayo kanye namalungu eqembu, ngokusho kwama-imeyili angaphakathi kanye nokufaka izifungo.
Imemo yangaphakathi ye-Boeing ikuchaze “njengengozi” ukunikeza izinzwa zomoya ngisho nenkampani yendiza eyodwa, ngokusho kwesikhulu esiphezulu se-Boeing.
“Umlindi wendiza, izinyunyana zabashayeli, kanye nabasekeli bekhongolose bangasebenzisa lo mzamo njengobufakazi bokuthi izinzwa ziyadingeka futhi … ukuqhubela phambili i-ajenda yabo ukuze babe nezinzwa zomoya ezophayo ezidingekayo kuzo zonke izindiza,” kusho imemo ka-2015, u-Boeing ayiphendulela. ukuqulwa kwecala.
UGaramendi, ongumxhasi walo mthethosivivinywa eNdlu, uphawule ukuthi imishini yokuqapha umoya “itholakala kalula.”
“Ezinkampanini zezindiza, ukungazi kuyimali. Ukube bekwaziwa ukuchayeka okunobuthi, ubuyobe ubheka imiphumela yesikhathi eside yezempilo engaholela ezimangalweni zesinxephezelo sabasebenzi”, ukumangalela amacala kanye nezimfuneko zokuthi abakhiqizi baguqule “ukwakheka kwezindiza,” kusho uGaramendi.
“Ngakho-ke, Boeing.”
