Riaan Ososayensi baseScandinavia uthe ngoLwesithathu bahlonze umbhalo omdala owaziwayo obhekisela kunkulunkulu wamaNorse u-Odin engxenyeni yediski yegolide eyatholwa entshonalanga yeDenmark ngo-2020.
U-Lisbeth Imer, isazi se-runologist e-National Museum e-Copenhagen, uthe lo mbhalo umele ubufakazi bokuqala obuqinile bokuthi u-Odin wayekhulekelwa ekuqaleni kwekhulu lesi-5 – okungenani eminyakeni eyi-150 ngaphambili kunereferensi yakudala eyaziwayo, eyayisebhuloshi elitholakala eningizimu yeJalimane futhi yaqala engxenyeni yesibili yekhulu lesi-6.
Idiski kutholwe eDenmark yayiyingxenye yenqolobane equkethe cishe amakhilogremu angu-2,2 egolide, kuhlanganise nezindondo ezinkulu ezingangososo nezinhlamvu zemali zamaRoma ezenziwe ubucwebe. Yavubukulwa edolobhaneni laseVindelev, enkabeni yeJutland, futhi yabizwa ngokuthi iVindelev Hoard.
ABAVUBULI BEMIMBULUKO E-EGYPT BADULA ISIBONELELO SPHINX ESIFANA NE-ROMAN-ERA
Ochwepheshe bacabanga ukuthi inqolobane yangcwatshwa eminyakeni engu-1 500 edlule, ukuze ifihlelwe izitha noma njengesipho sokushweleza konkulunkulu. I-bracteate yegolide – uhlobo lwependant elincanyana, elihlobisa – laliphethe umbhalo ofundeka kanje, “Uyindoda ka-Odin,” cishe ubhekisela enkosini engaziwa noma inkosi.
“Kungomunye wemibhalo ye-runic esetshenziswe kahle kakhulu engake ngayibona,” kusho u-Imer. Ama-Runes ayizimpawu izizwe zakuqala zasenyakatho yeYurophu ezazivame ukuxhumana ngokubhala.
Umbhalo othi “Uyindoda ka-Odin” ubonakala phezu kwekhanda lomuntu ku-bracteate yegolide eyatholwa eVindelev, eDenmark, ngasekupheleni kuka-2020. (Arnold Mikkelsen, The National Museum of Denmark via AP)
U-Odin wayengomunye wonkulunkulu abakhulu ku Izinganekwane zamaNorse futhi yayivame ukuhlotshaniswa nempi kanye nezinkondlo.
Kutholakale ama-bracteate angaphezu kwe-1,000 enyakatho ye-Europe, ngokusho kweNational Museum e-Copenhagen, lapho i-trove eyatholwa ngo-2020 iboniswa khona.
UKrister Vasshus, uchwepheshe wolimi wasendulo, wathi ngenxa yokuthi imibhalo eqoshiwe ayivamile, “yonke imibhalo eqoshiwe (ibalulekile) ibalulekile endleleni esiqonda ngayo isikhathi esidlule.”
I-ROMAN SHRINE EMBULWE NGAPHANSI KWABEYITHUNA LIKATHEDRAL E-ENGLAND
“Lapho kuvela umbhalo walokhu ubude, lokho kukodwa kuyamangalisa,” kusho uVasshus. “Kusinikeza ulwazi oluthakazelisayo mayelana nenkolo esikhathini esidlule, olusitshela okuthile ngomphakathi esikhathini esidlule.”
NgeNkathi YamaViking, ethathwa njengesuka ku-793 kuya ku-1066, amaNorsemen aziwa ngokuthi amaViking agasela ngezinga elikhulu, enza amakoloni, anqoba futhi ahweba kulo lonke elaseYurophu. Baphinde bafika eNyakatho Melika.
CHOFOZA LAPHA UKUZE UTHOLA UHLELO LOKUSEBENZA IZINDABA
AmaNorsemen ayekhonza onkulunkulu abaningi futhi ngamunye wabo wayenezici ezihlukahlukene, ubuthakathaka kanye nezimfanelo. Ngokusekelwe kuma-sagas namanye amatshe e-rune, imininingwane iye yavela ukuthi onkulunkulu babe nezici eziningi zomuntu futhi bangaziphatha njengabantu.
“Lolo hlobo lwezinganekwane lungasiyisa phambili futhi lusenze siphinde siphenye yonke eminye imibhalo engama-bracteate engama-200 esiyaziyo,” kusho u-Imer.
