Ufuna Izithombe Ezingcono Ze-smartphone? Thenga Ikhamera Yangempela

Udunyazwe ikhamera ku-smartphone yakho? Ufuna ukusebenza okungcono kokukhanya okuphansi, impilo yebhethri, nekhwalithi yesithombe? Kungase kube isikhathi sokutshala imali ekusethweni kwekhamera “yangempela”.

Ama-Smartphones Aphazanyiswa Izinzwa Ezincane

Ama-Smartphones angamathuluzi okwenza konke, okusho ukuthi indawo yamahhala ngaphakathi kwe-smartphone yakho iphezulu kakhulu. Iningi lalo lithathwa ibhethri elishajwa kabusha, ngokuhlanganiswa kwesibonisi, isistimu-on-chip, nezinye izinto ezibalulekile ezithatha isikhala esiningi esisele. Asikho isikhala esiningi ngaphakathi, okusho ukuthi kumele kwenziwe imihlatshelo.

Yingakho ama-smartphones esebenzisa izinzwa ezincane. I I-iPhone 14 Pro, isibonelo, isebenzisa inzwa engu-1/1.28-intshi ngekhamera yayo ebanzi engu-48-megapixel, inzwa engu-1/2.55-intshi yekhamera ye-ultrawide, kanye nenzwa engu-1/3.5-intshi yekhamera ye-telephoto. Ama-outliers afana ne-Panasonic’s I-Lumix DMC-CM1 I-smartphone ithunyelwe ngenzwa engu-1-intshi (ngo-2014), kodwa ama-smartphones amaningi awela ebangeni elifanayo ne-iPhone 14 Pro.

Uma inzwa inkulu, kushuthwa ukukhanya okwengeziwe. Izinzwa ezincane ziyisizathu sokuthi ama-smartphones amaningi azabalaza ezimeni eziphansi zokukhanya. Ukufika “imodi yasebusuku” izilungiselelo ezisebenzisa ukuchayeka okuningi nokufunda komshini ukuthuthukisa izithombe ezimnyama zingasiza, kodwa zikufanelekela kangcono ukuthwebula izithombe ezimile futhi azikuphathi kahle ukunyakaza.

Inzwa encane iphinda ithwebule ulwazi oluncane ngokuchayeka ngakunye uma kuqhathaniswa nezinzwa ezinkulu ezitholakala kumakhamera azinikele. Ulwazi olwengeziwe ongaluthwebula ngesigcawu, kuba nezinketho eziningi mayelana nokuhlela isithombe sakho. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi uma kuziwa ezithombeni ezi-RAW, ezikuvumela ukuthi wenze izinto ezifana nalezi buyisela imininingwane elahlekile ethunzini elichotshoziwe noma amaphuzu avelele aqhunyiswe.

Uma ufuna ukusebenza okungcono kokukhanya okuphansi kanye nemininingwane eyengeziwe kweyakho Izifinyezo ezi-RAW, khetha ikhamera ene-intshi engu-1, micro four-thirds, APS-C, noma inzwa yozimele ogcwele. Amakhamera anobungani bokuhamba wonke afana ne I-Sony RX100 VII sebenzisa inzwa engu-1-intshi, kuyilapho amalensi ashintshekayo angatholakala kwamanye afana ne-APS-C I-Fujifilm X-T5.

Amalensi Ashintshashintshayo Asho Amathuba Angapheli

Ama-smartphone anama-optics amaningi kunangaphambili, anamamodeli amaningi anamalensi amathathu noma amane ahlukene ngemuva. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi uthwebule ibanga lobude obugxilile usebenzisa i-optics yangempela kunobuqili bedijithali. Ehlanganiswe nezinzwa ezine-megapixel ephezulu, amanye amakhamera anikeza amazinga ahlaba umxhwele okusondeza (ngezindleko zosayizi wesithombe uwonke).

Uma ufuna amathuba engeziwe, uzofuna ikhamera esebenzisa izinto ezishintshayo amalensi. Thatha isethi yamalensi acijile (ubude obugxilile obugxilile) anobubanzi izimbobo, ilungele ukwakheka kwesithombe, ukukhanya okuphansi, ne-bokeh enokhilimu. Shell out uthole i-do-it-all zoom lens ekunikeza ububanzi bobude bokugxila futhi ilungele ukuhamba. Zithokozise ngamalensi e-weirdo afana ne-fisheye, i-macro, i-probe, i-tilt-shift, noma amalensi amathoyizi ukuze abukeke ngendlela ehlukile.

Ungakwazi ngisho nokujwayela amalensi kwamanye amasistimu ekhamera inqobo nje uma une-adaptha elingana nekhamera namalensi. Nikeza amalensi amadala, amadala ukuphila okusha futhi uthole ukubukeka okuyingqayizivele nomuzwa ovela kuwo. Ungasebenzisa lezi zindlela zombili ezimile nevidiyo, inqobo nje uma ujabulile ngokugxila mathupha nokufunda ukungena nokuphuma kokuzuza okuningi kuzo.

Okuwukuphela komkhawulo wokusungula kwakho ubukhulu be-akhawunti yakho yasebhange. Ngenhlanhla, kunemakethe ephithizelayo yamasekeni uma kukhulunywa ngamalensi. Akukhona nje ukuthi ungonga imali ethile ngokuthenga osekusetshenzisiwe, kodwa futhi ungakwazi ukubuyisela imali ngokuthengisa amalensi ongasawafuni. Amalensi abamba inani lawo kangcono kunama-smartphones!

Ikhamera ezinikezele, Ibhethri elizinikele

I-smartphone yakho iyakwenza konke. Iwusizo lokuxhumana, isiphequluli sewebhu esinesikhwama, idivayisi yokukhokha, isidlali semidiya, umhleli womuntu siqu, othatha inothi, i-sat-nav, i-tracker yomsebenzi, umbulali oyisicefe, futhi ikhamera. Imali yakho etholakalayo kufanele yabelwane ngayo yonke le misebenzi, ngakho kuyamangaza amabhethri amaningi e-smartphone asahlala kuphela usuku?

Amakhamera azinikele anamabhethri azinikele, futhi amaningi awo ayashintshwa. Lokho kusho ukuthi ungavele uthenge amabhethri amaningi ozohamba nawo uma uhlela ukuthatha izithombe noma amavidiyo amaningi. Ngeke uphelelwe ibhethri le-smartphone yakho ukuze ube namandla amaningi asele akho konke okunye.

Lokhu kuwusizo ikakhulukazi uma uhlela ukuhamba njengoba cishe awufuni ukuncelisa ibhethri ye-smartphone yakho ohambweni lonke. Uma uthanda ukuchitha isikhathi ungaphandle futhi udinga i-smartphone yakho ngezimo eziphuthumayo, uzosala nebhethri eliningi uma kwenzeka okuthile. Amakhamera amaningi nawo manje asebenzisa ukushaja kwe-USB, okusho ukuthi ungakwazi sebenzisa ibhange lamandla njengeshaja eyisipele kuzo zombili i-smartphone yakho futhi ikhamera yakho.

Nqoba Nakho Izinkinga Zesitoreji Sakho

Amadivayisi amaningi aphambili afana ne-iPhone, ibanga le-Samsung Galaxy S, kanye namadivayisi we-Google Pixel awakutholi ukwesekwa isitoreji esikhiphekayo. Lokhu kungase kube yinkinga encane kunangaphambili ngezisombululo ezisekelwe emafini njenge I-iCloud Photo Library kanye nokuthi Izithombe ze-Google ziqala ukuxega, kodwa usazodinga indawo ethile ukuze ugcine izithombe namavidiyo akho ngesikhathi ukulayisha kuqedwa.

Kwesinye isikhathi izindlela zakudala zokwenza izinto zihamba phambili, okuyikhona okwenza amamemori khadi ashintshwayo abe wusizo kakhulu. Izintengo zememori ye-Flash zehle kakhulu kule minyaka embalwa edlule, ngakho-ke usungakwazi ukuthatha imemori khadi ye-UHS-II 128GB (njenge- I-Lexar Professional 1667x) ngaphansi kwama-$40.

Uma ubanjwa isikhashana usohambeni noma udinga kakhulu isitoreji esengeziwe ngenkathi uphumile ungavele uthenge elinye ikhadi futhi uqhubeke.

Thola Ukulawula Okungcono Ezithombeni Zakho

Amakhamera e-SLR angenasibuko nedijithali kungase kubonakale kusabisa kancane ekuqaleni, kodwa angamathuluzi anamandla akuvumela ukuthi ulawule ukuthwebula kwakho izithombe ngendlela ama-smartphones angeke afane.

Ungakwazi ukukhohlisa isivinini se-shutter okuzo thathwa ukuchayeka isikhathi eside, ukufiphalisa izihloko ezihambayo njengamanzi, amalambu, noma ithrafikhi. Beka kuqala indawo yokumboza ukuze udubule “ivuleke kakhulu” ukuze uthole ukujula kwensimu, ukuze kubukeke okuthambile nokuphuphile. Noma, setha isivinini sokuvala esiphansi ukuze ugcizelele ukufiphala kokunyakaza noma isivinini sokuvala ukuze uthwebule izifundo ezihamba ngokushesha (njengezilwane zasendle) ngemininingwane eminingi.

Ukushintsha lezi zilungiselelo kulula usebenzisa inqwaba yezilawuli onazo kukhamera ezinikele. Kunamasondo okushintsha ngokushesha phakathi kwamamodi, izinkinobho zokusetha ibhalansi emhlophe noma ukushintsha ama-focus modes, namadayeli okushintsha i-aperture noma isivinini sokuvala. Sebenzisa iringi yokugxilisa kulensi yakho ukuze ugxile noma usondeze ngokunemba.

Kuyiqiniso impela ukuthi izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-iPhone ne-Android zivumela ukulawula okwenziwa ngesandla, kodwa isixhumi esibonakalayo sesikrini esithintwayo asifaneleki (ikakhulukazi ezimeni ezidinga ukulungiswa ngokushesha), ukugxila okwenziwa ngesandla usebenzisa isikrini esithintwayo kungaba lusizi, futhi izilungiselelo zivame ukungcwatshwa ngaphakathi kwamamenyu adinga. ompompi abaningi kanye nesandla esiqinile ukufinyelela. Ukusetha izinhlelo zokusebenza ezifana nalezi njengekhamera ezenzakalelayo idinga i-hacky workaround (ku-iPhone, okungenani) futhi ngandlela thize yehlula iphuzu lokuthatha izithombe ze-smartphone.

Finyelela Ikhamera Yakho Nokho Uthanda

Ziningi izesekeli ezisebenza kuwo womabili amakhamera azinikele nama-smartphone, okuhlanganisa nama-tripods (okuhlanganisa ama-tripods ethu ekhamera esiwathandayo), izinhlelo zokukhweza, imibhobho, izinsimbi eziqinisayo, nezindlu ezingamelana nesimo sezulu. Kodwa kukhona futhi izesekeli ongazisebenzisa ngempela ngesistimu yekhamera “efanele”.

Thatha ama-speedlights (noma amayunithi ama-flash) isibonelo. Lokhu kuvumelaniswa nesishutha sekhamera yakho ukuze siqhume ngenkathi sifakwe kukhamera noma sibekwe ukude ukuze kulawulwe ngokugcwele ukukhanya. Ziwusizo esitudiyo, ensimini lapho uthatha izithombe, noma zingasetshenziswa njengezibani zokugcwalisa ezimeni ezikhanyayo ukuze kuqedwe izithunzi ezinokhahlo. Engeza ama-diffuser namajeli ombala noma uzame ngokubhampa ukukhanya ukuze udale imiphumela eyingqayizivele kodwa ephindaphindwayo.

Izihlungi zamalensi ngelinye ithuluzi eliwusizo. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ukhawulele noma ufake umbala ukukhanya okungena kulensi ukuze ukwazi ukuzuza imiphumela eyingqayizivele kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezimo. Isibonelo, uma usendaweni enokukhanya okukhanyayo kodwa ufuna ukuthwebula “uvuleke kakhulu” ukuze uthole ingemuva elithambile elilufifi, isihlungi singavimbela ikhamera ekuvumeleni ukukhanya okukhulu futhi ikhiphe ukuchayeka.

Izihlungi ze-neutral density eziphothuliwe zingamathuluzi abalulekile wokuthwebula izithombe ze-landscape. Zikuvumela ukuthi ulinganise amaleveli okukhanya esibhakabhakeni nokukhanya okuncishisiwe kwendawo oyithwebulayo ukuze ukwazi ukuthwebula imininingwane eminingi ngokuchayeka okukodwa. Lokhu kukuvimbela ekulahlekelweni yimininingwane yesithunzi ku-landscape noma imininingwane yamafu esibhakabhakeni. Ungakwazi futhi sebenzisa i-exposure bracketing ukuze uthole umphumela ofanayokodwa lokhu kudinga ukuthi uhlanganise ukuchayeka ngemva kokudubula.

Ezinye izihlungi zikuvumela ukuthi ukhiphe ukukhanya kwe-polarized (ukuze uthole umehluko ongcono kanye ne-glare encane), engeza umthelela wenkanyezi ekukhanyeni okukhanyayo, ushintshe ukuma bokeh esigcawini sakho, bese ufaka umbala endaweni. Ezinye izihlungi zikhona ze-iPhone, njenge iPhone Magnetic Isihlungi Systemkodwa lezi zincike ekusetshenzisweni kwecala elithile.

Kukhona futhi inombolo enkulu izesekeli ukusiza ukunqoba i-heft eyengeziwe yokusebenzisa ikhamera ezinikele. Lokhu kufaka phakathi okokufaka kwekhamera kokunamathisela okokusebenza kwakho kumuntu wakho izikhwama zokuthwala inqwaba noma amagiya amancane kakhulu.

Amakhamera Omakhalekhukhwini Angathuthuka Kakhulu Kuphela

Izithiyo eziningi ezivezwe ngenhla ngeke “zilungiswe” nganoma iyiphi indlela ephusile, ngisho neminyaka emihlanu kusukela manje. Osayizi bezinzwa kuzofanele bahlale bebancane, nakuba ikhwalithi yenzwa ngokungangabazeki izothuthuka. Izithuthukisi zesikhathi esizayo ekusebenzeni kokukhanya okuphansi kanye nekhwalithi yesithombe iyonke kuncike kakhulu ekucutshungulweni kwesithombe okuthuthukisiwe.

Amalensi ashintshashintshayo afanelekile mancane amathuba okuthi enze ukuchaphaza noma nini maduze ngale kwenhlobonhlobo yesiqeshana. Nakuba kumnandi, lezi azikwazi ukubamba ikhandlela amalensi angenazibuko amahle kakhulu noma i amalensi we-SLR angcono kakhulu wedijithali. Lokhu kuzanywe ngaphambilini futhi kuvele ukuthi iningi labanikazi bama-smartphone abanandaba. Amalensi avelele ngemuva kwe-smartphone yakho awenzi imali embi kabi, ingasaphathwa yokumelana namanzi nokuvikela uthuli.

Ngeke ukwazi ukuhlukanisa ibhethri lekhamera yakho nebhethri le-smartphone yakho noma nini maduze, nakuba ihadiwe esebenza kahle kakhulu izosiza ngezinga elithile. Kuzothatha impumelelo yangempela kubuchwepheshe bebhethri ukuze kuthuthukiswe impilo yebhethri ye-smartphone, futhi kuze kube lokho kwenzeka lindela ukuthuthukiswa okukhulayo njengoba ubukhulu bokufa buncipha futhi izingxenye zisebenza kahle kakhulu.

Kunalokho, kufanele silindele amafayela ezithombe ezinkulu njengoba izibalo zama-megapixel ziqhubeka zikhuphuka, izithombe ezihlanzekile ezizuza kumasistimu e-chip anamandla, kanye nekhwalithi yevidiyo engcono kakhulu ikakhulukazi uma kuziwa ku-HDR kanye nokuzinza kwekhamera. Lezi yintuthuko ethokozisayo ngokuqinisekile, kodwa azikasho ukuphela kwezinsuku zamakhamera azinikele (azophatha ukuthuthukiswa okufanayo ngaphezu kwezinzuzo zawo ezingokwemvelo).

Akuwona Wonke Umuntu Odinga Ikhamera Ezinikezele

Iningi lethu lithwebula iningi lezithombe namavidiyo kuma-smartphone ethu ngesizathu. Afanelekile, ikhwalithi yinhle ngokwanele, futhi ukuba nenkumbulo ongayibuka emuva (endaweni etholakala kalula) kubaluleke kakhulu kunokufaka kungobo yomlando okuthile ngekhwalithi ephelele.

Akukho lutho olungalungile ngokwenza lokhu, ngisho noma unezinzwa nengilazi ezibiza izinkulungwane ezimbalwa zamadola. Ikusasa lokuthatha izithombe lincike kakhulu ku-smartphone, kodwa kuningi okufanele ube nakho uma ucindezelekile.

Uma ufuna ukwenza okwengeziwe kokuzilibazisa ngokuthwebula kwakho izithombe, ufuna ukulawula okwengeziwe ngomphumela, noma umane ugula ukwabelana ngempilo yebhethri nesitoreji ne-smartphone yakho, cabanga ikhamera ye-SLR engenasibuko noma yedijithali. Sinezincomo ze best mirrorless futhi ama-SLRs angcono kakhulu wedijithali uma uzibuza ukuthi uzoqala kuphi.