Riaan Bhalisela i-Life ye-CNN, kodwa i-Greener newsletter. Uchungechunge lwethu lwezincwadi zezindaba ezilinganiselwe lukuqondisa ukuthi unganciphisa kanjani indima yakho siqu enkingeni yesimo sezulu – futhi unciphise ukukhathazeka kwakho kwemvelo.
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Izwe lisondela ngokushesha amazinga enhlekelele okushisa ngezinjongo zesimo sezulu samazwe ngamazwe ezibekelwe hlehla lapho ungafinyeleleki khona ngaphandle uma kuthathwa izinyathelo ezisheshayo nezinqala, ngokusho kombiko omusha osekelwa yi-UN.
“Isimo sezulu siyahamba,” kusho uNobhala-Jikelele weNhlangano Yezizwe u-António Guterres, esitatimendeni sokuphawula kwethulwa kwe-Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s. umbiko wokuhlanganisa Ngomsombuluko. “Isintu siseqhweni elincanyana – futhi lelo qhwa liyancibilika ngokushesha,” engeza.
Lo mbiko udonsela kulokho okutholwe ngamakhulu ososayensi ukuze banikeze ukuhlolwa okuphelele kokuthi kwenzeka kanjani inkinga yesimo sezulu.
Isayensi ayisiyintsha – umbiko uhlanganisa lokho i-IPCC esekubeke kuyo iqoqo kwe eminye imibiko kule minyaka embalwa edlule – kodwa lidweba isithombe esigqame kakhulu sokuthi umhlaba uphokophelephi.
“Lo mbiko uwucwaningo olubi kakhulu nolukhathazayo kakhulu mayelana nemithelela yesimo sezulu esishubile sonke esibhekana nayo uma izinguquko zesistimu zingenziwa manje,” kusho uSara Shaw, umdidiyeli wohlelo e-Friends of the Earth International, esitatimendeni.
Imithelela yokungcoliswa kokufudumala kweplanethi isivele mibi kakhulu kunalokho obekulindelwe futhi sibhekela emiphumeleni eyandayo eyingozi nengalungiseki, kusho umbiko.
Nakuba umgomo wokunciphisa ukufudumala kwembulunga yonke kufinyelele ku-1.5 degrees Celsius (2.7 degrees Fahrenheit) ngaphezu kwamazinga angaphambi kwemboni isengenzeka, umbiko waphawula, indlela yokukufeza iyavalwa ngokushesha njengoba ukukhiqizwa komhlaba wonke kokungcoliswa kokushisisa kweplanethi. iyaqhubeka ukwanda – ukukhishwa kwegesi kukhule cishe ngo-1% ngonyaka odlule.
Ukugxila kokungcoliswa kwekhabhoni emkhathini kusezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu iminyaka engaphezu kwezigidi ezimbili kanti izinga lokushisa lokwenyuka phakathi nengxenye yekhulu leminyaka liphezulu kakhulu eminyakeni eyizi-2,000.
Imithelela yenhlekelele yesimo sezulu isaqhubeka nokuwela kakhulu emazweni ampofu, asengozini angenzanga okuncane ukuyibangela.
“Iplanethi yethu isivele inyakaza ngenxa yemiphumela emibi yesimo sezulu, kusukela amagagasi okushisa ashisayo futhi iziphepho ezibhubhisayo ku isomiso esibi kakhulu futhi ukusweleka kwamanzi,” kusho u-Ani Dasgupta, umongameli kanye ne-CEO yeWorld Resources Institute, esitatimendeni.
Usongo olukhulu esenzweni sokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu wukuqhubeka komhlaba umlutha wokushiswa kwezinto ezimbiwa phansi, ezisakha. ngaphezu kuka-80% zamandla omhlaba kanye no-75% yokungcoliswa kokushisa kweplanethi okubangelwa abantu.
Naphezu kokuthi i-International Energy Agency ithi ngo-2021 ukuthi kungaba khona manje akukho ukuthuthukiswa kwamafutha ezinto ezimbiwa phansi uma umhlaba uzohlangabezana nezibopho zesimo sezulu, ohulumeni bayaqhubeka nokugunyaza amaphrojekthi kawoyela, igesi namalahle.
Abaphathi be-Biden benze nje ukhanyise iWillow ephikisana kakhulu iphrojekthi yokumba uwoyela e-Alaska. Uma isiqalile ukusebenza, kulindeleke ukuthi ikhiqize uwoyela owanele ukukhulula amathani ayizigidi eziyisi-9.2 ze-metric tons yokungcoliswa kwekhabhoni efudumeza iplanethi ngonyaka – okulingana nokwengeza izimoto ezihamba ngegesi eziyizigidi ezi-2 emigwaqweni.
U-Arati Prabhakar, umqondisi weHhovisi Le-White House Lenqubomgomo Yesayensi Nobuchwepheshe, esitatimendeni uthe umbiko omusha we-UN ubonisa ukuthi “ikusasa Lomhlaba alinqunywanga kusengaphambili.”
“Kugcizelela isidingo esiphuthumayo sokuthi abaholi kuyo yonke imikhakha nakuwo wonke amazwe basukume bathathe izinyathelo eziqinile zesimo sezulu,” kusho uPrabhakar.
I-China ihlela ukwanda okukhulu kwamalahle – amafutha angcolile kakhulu. Ngo-2022, yanikeza izimvume zokukhiqiza amalahle kuzo zonke izindawo ezingama-82, ezilingana nokuqala izizinda ezimbili ezinkulu zamalahle isonto ngalinye, ngokusho kombiko. umbiko ngenyanga edlule.
Kepha umbiko wangoMsombuluko uphinde wabeka izindlela zokugcina umhlaba usendleleni yokunciphisa ukufudumala ku-1.5 degrees. “Lo mbiko we-IPCC uwukugxeka okudabukisayo kokungenzi lutho kwabakhiqizi abakhulu kanye nepulani elizwakalayo lezwe eliphephe kakhulu nelinokulingana,” kusho uDasgupta.
Ukugwema imithelela emibi kakhulu yesimo sezulu kuzodinga ushintsho olukhulu kuyo yonke imikhakha yezomnotho nomphakathi, ngokusho kombiko.
Ibize ukusikeka okujulile kokungcoliswa kokushisisa iplanethi ngokusuka kumafutha ezinto ezimbiwa phansi futhi kutshalwe imali kumandla avuselelekayo. Ukunciphisa ukufudumala kufinyelele kuma-degree angu-1.5, amazinga omhlaba okungcoliswa kokushisa kweplanethi kumele ehle ngo-60% ngo-2035 uma kuqhathaniswa no-2019, ngokusho kombiko.
Igcizelele isidingo sokutshalwa kwezimali okukhulu ukuze kwakhiwe ukumelana nemithelela yesimo sezulu, kanye nokwesekwa okwengeziwe kwabantu abalwa nokulahlekelwa okuhlobene nesimo sezulu, ikakhulukazi emazweni asengozini kakhulu.
Umbiko uphinde wathi sidinga ukususa ikhabhoni emoyeni, okuhlanganisa okungenzeka ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obufana “nokuthwebula umoya okuqondile” – ukususa ikhabhoni ngqo emoyeni futhi ukuyigcina, ngokunokwenzeka nge ukuyijova ngaphansi komhlaba.
Lobu buchwepheshe buhlala buhlukanisa, nokho, njengoba abanye bekholelwa ukuthi buphazamisa izinqubomgomo zokunqamula ukungcoliswa kokushisisa kweplanethi.
“Ezweni lami, eSri Lanka, imiphumela yokushintsha kwesimo sezulu iyabonakala manje. Asinaso isikhathi sokujaha izinganekwane ezifana nobuchwepheshe bokukhipha ikhabhoni ukuze sikhiphe ikhabhoni emoyeni,” kusho uHemantha Withanage, usihlalo weFriends of the Earth International, esitatimendeni.
UGuterres unxuse wonke amazwe ukuthi “alandele ngokushesha imizamo yesimo sezulu” futhi, ikakhulukazi, ukuthi amazwe acebile ashaye “inkinobho yokuya phambili ngokushesha” ezibophezelweni zokufinyelela i-net-zero – okusho ukususa ukungcola okuningi okushisisa izitshalo emkhathini. njengoba zikhipha.
Ngokokuqala ngqa, uthe amazwe athuthukile kumele afinyelele ku-net-zero eduze kuka-2040 ngangokunokwenzeka, ngaphambi kwesikhathi esinqunyiwe sika-2050 amazwe amaningi – okuhlanganisa i-US kanye e-UK – bathembise ukuhlangana.
“Umbiko wanamuhla we-IPCC uwumhlahlandlela wendlela yokudambisa ibhomu lesimo sezulu,” kusho uGuterres. “Kodwa kuzothatha i-quantum leap esenzweni sezulu,” engeza.
Lo mbiko, osayinwe ngempelasonto ngabameleli abavela emazweni acishe abe ngu-200 e-UN, uzongena engqungqutheleni elandelayo ye-UN yesimo sezulu, I-COP28, e-Dubai ekupheleni konyaka. Le ngqungquthela izobandakanya “ukubalwa kwesitokwe sokuqala emhlabeni wonke” esiphuma kuSivumelwano Sesimo Sezulu saseParis, ukuhlola inqubekelaphambili yokubhekana nenkinga yesimo sezulu kanye nokugwema inhlekelele yesimo sezulu.
