Riaan Kwabesifazane abanenkinga yokukhulelwa, amakhemikhali angaba yimbangela – lokho ngokocwaningo olusha olushicilelwe ku-Science of the Total Environment.
Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi abesifazane abane-plasma yegazi equkethe amanani aphezulu e-PFAS (izinto ze-perfluoroalkyl) – amakhemikhali avame ukutholakala emanzini okuphuza nasemikhiqizweni evamile yasendlini – babenethuba eliphansi elingafika ku-40% ukukhulelwa kanye nokuzalwa okuphilayo.
Abacwaningi baseMount Sinai, uhlelo lwezempilo oludidiyelwe oluhlanganisa i-Icahn School of Medicine kanye namakhempasi ayisishiyagalombili esibhedlela Indawo yedolobha laseNew Yorkigxile kwabesifazane base-Singapore abangu-1,032 abaphakathi kweminyaka engu-18 no-45 ababambe iqhaza ocwaningweni olusekelwe kubantu.
IMIGOMO YE-COVID-19 ENGAXHUMANENE NEZINDABA ZOKUZALA, KUTHI OCHWEPHESHE
Kungakapheli unyaka owodwa wokulandelela, abesifazane abanenhlanganisela ye-PFAS eyisikhombisa egazini labo babemancane ngo-30% kuya ku-40% amathuba okuthi bakhulelwe futhi babelethe bukhoma.
UDkt. Marc Siegel, uprofesa wezokwelapha e- I-NYU Langone Medical Center kanye nomnikeli wezokwelapha we-Fox News, akazange amangale ngalokho okutholakele (wayengabandakanyeki ocwaningweni) – njengoba i-PFAS ixhunywe kumapulasitiki, ayandayo.
UDkt Marc Siegel waseNew York City waphawula ukuthi i-PFAS ixhunywe kumapulasitiki, ayandayo (wayengabandakanyeki ocwaningweni). (iStock)
“Amaningi alawa makhemikhali ayiziphazamisi ze-endocrine, ezingathinta inzalo,” etshela iFox News Digital.
“Lolu cwaningo luyinkomba ebalulekile yalokho. Ubungozi buyanda njengoba la makhemikhali atholakala ezindaweni eziningi ngamanani aphezulu.”
Amakhemikhali athile anomthelela omkhulu
Kuzo zonke izinhlobo ze-PFAS, leyo eyaba nomthelela omubi kakhulu ekuzaleni kwakuyi-perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA).
I-PFAS (izinto ze-perfluoroalkyl) ngamakhemikhali avame ukutholakala emanzini okuphuza kanye nemikhiqizo yasendlini evamile. (iStock)
I-PFDA itholakala endaweni ezungezile futhi nasezimbotsheni zikakhaphethi, amasofa kanye nokupakishwa kokudla, ngokusho kwe-National Library of Medicine.
Amanye amakhemikhali athinte inzalo ocwaningweni kwakuyi-perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (isithako esiyinhloko ezinto ezixosha amabala), i-perfluorooctanoic acid (etholakala ku-Teflon ne-GoreTex) kanye ne-perfluoroheptanoic acid (ukungcola kwemvelo).
Izingozi zidlula umthelela wokuzala
Umbhali ophezulu wocwaningo uDkt. Damaskini Valvi, umsizi kaprofesa wezokwelapha zemvelo kanye nempilo yomphakathi e-Icahn Mount Sinai New York Cityikholelwa ukuthi i-PFAS ibeka izingozi eziningi empilweni yomphakathi.
Emantombazaneni nakwabesifazane ikakhulukazi, ukuchayeka kwe-PFAS kuphinde kwahlotshaniswa nokubambezeleka kokuthomba, kanye nokwanda kwengozi ye-endometriosis, i-PCOS kanye nomdlavuza webele, okuqhubeka nokusekela imiphumela emibi iPFAS enayo ku-endometriosis. uhlelo lokuzala lwabesifazane,” etshela iFox News Digital nge-imeyili.
Abesifazane abanenhlanganisela ye-PFAS eyisikhombisa egazini labo babemancane ngo-30% kuya ku-40% amathuba okuthi bakhulelwe futhi babelethe bukhoma, ngokocwaningo olusha. (iStock)
I-PFAS ikhonjiswe ukuthi yandisa ubungozi bezifo ze-thyroid, i-cholesterol ephezulu nomfutho wegazi, isifo sikashukela kanye nesifo sesibindi esingamahlalakhona, kanye nesifo sikashukela. izinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuzanjengomdlavuza wezinso kanye ne-testicular, uDkt. Valvi wanezela.
UDkt. Kelly Johnson-Arbor, udokotela we-toxicologist kanye nomqondisi omkhulu wesikhashana ku-National Capital Poison Center eWashington, DCuthe ukuchayeka kwe-PFAS kubuye kuhlotshaniswe nezingozi ezikhulayo zesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa kanye ne-pre-eclampsia, kanye nokuncipha kokukhula kwengane kanye nesisindo sokuzalwa esincishisiwe.
Wayengahlanganyeli ocwaningweni.
IZINGA LOKUFA KOMAMA LIYAQHUBEKA E-US, I-CDC Ibika
“Njengoba amakhemikhali e-PFAS aziwa ngokuwela i-placenta, angaba nomthelela empilweni kamama kanye nosana,” etshela iFox News Digital ku-imeyili.
‘Asinayo idatha eyanele’
Umbhali oholayo wocwaningo uDkt. Valvi waphawula ukuthi izifundo zabantu e-US nakwamanye amazwe amaningi zithole imiphumela emibi yezempilo kusukela ekuchayekeni ngisho namanani aphansi kakhulu e-PFAS.
“Kukhona nokuchayeka okuqhubekayo kwe-PFAS ngokusetshenziswa kwamanzi okuphuza angcolile, ukudla okungcolile kanye nokusetshenziswa komkhiqizo wabathengi – okusho ukuthi i-PFAS iqongelela emzimbeni wethu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, okungase kwandise ingozi yethu yezifo ezingamahlalakhona esikhathini esizayo,” esho.
Amakhemikhali e-PFAS angaba nomthelela empilweni kamama kanye nengane.
“Okwamanje, asinayo idatha eyanele yokusitshela ukuthi liyini izinga ‘eliphephile’ lokuchayeka kwe-PFAS,” kusho uDkt. Johnson-Arbor.
“Kunezindlela zokuqapha amazinga e-PFAS egazini lomuntu, kodwa lezi zivivinyo azitholakali kalula izibhedlela noma amahhovisi odokotela futhi ngokuvamile zisetshenziselwa izinjongo zocwaningo kuphela.”
‘Imithetho eqinile’ edingekayo, kusho abanye
UDkt. Valvi ugcizelele ukubaluleka kokukhawulela ukuchayeka ku-PFAS, uma kubhekwa ubungozi bezempilo.
“Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuthi i-PFAS isetshenziswa kabanzi emikhiqizweni eminingi yabathengi futhi manje sesibhekene nenkinga ye-PFAS yokungcoliswa komhlaba wonke, ngeke sikwazi ukugwema ngokuphelele ukuchayeka ngaphandle kwemithetho eqinile evimbela ukusetshenziswa kwe-PFAS njengekilasi,” etshela iFox News Digital.
“Kune-PFAS engaphezu kwe-10,000 ekhishwe endaweni yethu, kodwa imithethonqubo yamanje ibheka kuphela i-10-20 yalabo. Lokho akwanele.”
Ukuze ugweme ukuchayeka kwe-PFAS, umbhali wocwaningo uncoma ukusebenzisa amapani angenasici esikhundleni se-cookware engagxili. (iStock)
“Ukuze ubhekane ngokuphumelelayo nenkinga ye-PFAS, kubalulekile ukumela imithetho eqinile evimbela ukuba khona kwe-PFAS njengeklasi emikhiqizweni yabathengi namanzi okuphuza e-US nasemhlabeni jikelele,” uDkt Valvi waqhubeka.
Ngasekuqaleni kwale nyanga, i-Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) iphakamise imithetho emisha yenhlangano yamakhemikhali e-PFAS emanzini okuphuza, okuzowakhawulela ezingeni eliphansi kakhulu elingalinganiswa.
Lesi siphakamiso sidinga ukuthi kukhawulwe amakhemikhali e-PFOA nawe-PFOS ezingxenyeni ezi-4 ngethriliyoni ngayinye, futhi sizokhawulela amanye ama-PFAS amane njengengxube.
Isenzo “sizophawula isinyathelo esikhulu sokuvikela yonke imiphakathi yethu.”
“Isiphakamiso se-EPA sokusungula indinganiso kazwelonke ye-PFAS emanzini okuphuza saziswa isayensi engcono kakhulu etholakalayo, futhi sizosiza ukunikeza izifundazwe isiqondiso ezisidingayo ukuze zenze izinqumo ezivikela kangcono imiphakathi yazo,” kusho uMichael S. Regan, umqondisi we-EPA, ekukhishweni kwabezindaba kuwebhusayithi yale nhlangano.
“Lesi senzo sinamandla okuvimbela amashumi ezinkulungwane zezifo ezihlobene ne-PFAS futhi sibonisa isinyathelo esikhulu sokuvikela yonke imiphakathi yethu kulokhu kungcola okuyingozi.”
Amathiphu okuvimbela ukuchayeka kwe-PFAS
“Ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yalolu cwaningo, kunengqondo ukuncoma ukugwema ukuchayeka ngokweqile kwePFAS kwabesifazane abazama ukukhulelwa noma abanenkinga yokungazali,” kusho uJohnson-Arbor.
Njengoba i-PFAS ikhona kukho konke kusuka ku-cookware nokhaphethi kuya emanzini okuphuza nomoya esiwuphefumulayo, kungaba nzima ukukugwema ngokuphelele ukuchayeka.
Nokho, kunezinyathelo ezithile abantu abangazithatha ukuze banciphise ingozi.
Kuzo zonke izinhlobo ze-PFAS, leyo eyaba nomthelela omubi kakhulu ekuzaleni kwakuyi-perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA), etholakala endaweni ezungezile kanye nasezimbotsheni zikakhaphethi, amasofa kanye nokupakishwa kokudla. (iStock)
UDkt. Valvi uncoma ukusebenzisa isihlungi samanzi esiqinisekisiwe esisusa i-PFAS ekhaya, futhi kusetshenziswe amapani angenasici esikhundleni sezinto zokupheka ezingenazo izinti.
“Kungcono kakhulu ukugwema imikhiqizo evimbela amabala futhi engangeni emanzini, ngoba cishe yonke le mikhiqizo iqukethe ama-PFAS amaningi,” wanezela.
Umlobi ohlanganyele wocwaningo uDkt. Nathan Cohen, umlingani wocwaningo lwangemva kodokotela noMnyango Wezempilo Yezemvelo kanye Nezempilo Yomphakathi e-Icahn School of Medicine eMount Sinai eNew York City, utshele iFox News Digital ukuthi ukudla kuwumthombo ovame kakhulu wokuchayeka kuwo. PFAS.
I-PFAS itholakala emanzini okuphuza, nakwamanye amasofa, amakhaphethi, i-cookware kanye nokupakishwa kokudla.
“Abesifazane abahlela ukukhulelwa kufanele bagweme ukudla okuye kwaboniswa ukuthi kuhlotshaniswa nokwanda kokuchayeka kwe-PFAS ezifundweni ezedlule,” esho.
“Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukudla okukhiphayo nokudla okusheshayo ezipakishwe ezintweni ezingaqukatha i-PFAS, njengokudla okusheshayo, i-popcorn ne-pizza. Ukudla okuthosiwe, okufana nezinhlanzi ezithosiwe, kungase kube yingozi futhi kufanele futhi kugwenywe. “
Ukutadisha kwakunokulinganiselwa kwakho
Abacwaningi baphawule ukuthi umkhawulo owodwa omkhulu wocwaningo ukuthi babengenalo idatha etholakalayo ekugxilweni kwe-PFAS kubalingani besilisa ngokuya nomthelela wokuzala.
CHOFOZA LAPHA UKUZE Ubhalisele IPHEPHA LETHU LEZEMPILO
“Futhi besingenalo idatha etholakalayo kuma-hormone okuzala ukuhlola ukuphazamiseka kwe-hormone njengendlela engaba khona,” kusho uDkt. Cohen.
“Ngaphezu kwalokho, sigxile ekuhloleni kwethu kwe-PFAS kulabo abatholwe ezindaweni eziphakeme kwezinye izindawo – ngakho asikwazanga ukuhlola imiphumela ye-PFAS esafufusa.”
CHOFOZA LAPHA UKUZE UTHOLA UHLELO LOKUSEBENZA IZINDABA ZEZIMpungushe
Lolu cwaningo luxhaswe yiNational Research Foundation ngoxhaso oluvela kuMkhandlu Kazwelonke Wocwaningo Lwezokwelapha woMnyango Wezempilo waseSingapore kanye ne-Agency for Science, Technology and Research kanye ne-US National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, ngokusho kwesitatimende esikhishwe eNtabeni iSinayi.
