Riaan 
London
CNN
–
I-US Federal Reserve kanye namanye amabhange amakhulu amaningana amemezele umzamo ohlangene ngeSonto ebusuku wokuthuthukisa ukuhamba kwamadola aseMelika ngohlelo lwezezimali lomhlaba wonke ngenhloso yokugcina izikweletu zigeleza ezindlini nasemabhizinisini.
“IBhange LaseCanada, Ibhange LaseNgilandi, IBhange LaseJapan, I-European Central Bank, I-Federal Reserve, kanye ne-Swiss National Bank namuhla bamemezela isenzo esihlanganisiwe sokuthuthukisa ukuhlinzekwa kwezimali kusetshenziswa ulayini omile wokushintshanisa imali wamadola aseMelika. izinhlelo,” kusho amabhange amakhulu esitatimendeni esihlanganyelwe.
Isitatimende sangeSonto size ngemuva kwamahora ambalwa iziphathimandla zaseSwitzerland uhlele ukuthatha okuphuthumayo kwe-Credit Suisse nge-UBS. I-Credit Suisse – elinye lamabhange angu-30 abaluleke kakhulu ohlelweni lwezezimali emhlabeni jikelele – yopha imali ngesonto eledlule ngemuva kokuwa kwethemba lomtshali-zimali kanye namakhasimende.
Izinxushunxushu zemakethe ezibangelwa yi- ukwehluleka kwebhange kwesibili nokwesithathu okukhulu emlandweni wase-US ngasekuqaleni kwale nyanga kusabisa ngokwenza kube nzima kubantu ukuboleka imali, kusho uNobhala woMgcinimafa waseMelika uJanet Yellen ngesonto eledlule.
“Uma amabhange ecindezelekile, angase abe manqikanqika ukuboleka,” kusho u-Yellen ngoLwesine ebufakazini beKomidi Lezezimali leSenate. “Singabona isikweletu sibiza kakhulu futhi singatholakali.”
UChristine Lagarde, umongameli we-European Central Bank (ECB), utshele izintatheli ngoLwesine ukuthi “ukungezwani kwezimakethe okuqhubekayo” kungase kubangele izimo zezikweletu ezivele ziqina ngenxa yokukhuphuka kwamazinga enzalo.
Imigqa yokushintshanisa izivumelwano phakathi kwamabhange amakhulu amabili ukushintshanisa izimali. Bavumela ibhange elikhulu ukuthi lithole imali yangaphandle ebhange elikhulu eliyikhiphayo, bese liyisabalalisa emabhange okuhweba ezweni labo.
Ulayini wokushintshisana phakathi kwe-US Federal Reserve ne-ECB, isibonelo, uvumela i-ECB ukuthi ithole amadola ase-US ngokushintshanisa inani elilinganayo lama-euro. I-ECB-ke ingasabalalisa lawo madola emabhange ezentengiselwano emazweni angama-20 asebenzisa i-euro.
Izivumelwano zingaba ithuluzi elibalulekile lokugcina uzinzo lwezezimali kanye nokuvimbela ukushuba kwezimakethe ekuphazamiseni umnotho, ngokusho kwe-ECB. Ngesikhathi senhlekelele yezimali emhlabeni wonke ngo-2008 kulandela ukuwa kwe-Lehman Brothers, izimakethe zoxhaso zoma ngenxa yokungathandi kakhulu ukuba sengozini. Ngaphansi kwalezi zimo kube nzima ngamabhange e-euro ukuthola amadola aseMelika.
Kusukela ngoMsombuluko kuya okungenani ekupheleni kuka-Ephreli, i-Fed namanye amabhange amaphakathi azokwenza amadola atholakale nsuku zonke, kunokuba amasonto onke.
“Inethiwekhi yemigqa yokushintshana phakathi kwala mabhange amaphakathi iyisethi yezindawo zokuma ezitholakalayo futhi isebenza njengesisekelo esibalulekile sokusebenzisa imali ukuze kudambise izimakethe zezimali zomhlaba wonke, ngaleyo ndlela kusize ekwehliseni imiphumela yalezi zinkinga ekunikezeni izikweletu ezindlini nasemabhizinisini. ,” banezela.
