Riaan 
Iqoqo elisha lamacala e-mpox e-United States – kulandela cishe izinyanga eziyisikhombisa zokwehla okuqinile – lihola izikhulu zezempilo ukuthi zixwayise ngokuqubuka okungenzeka kabusha kuleli hlobo.
Izikhulu zezempilo zaseChicago muva nje kubika amacala amasha angama-20 futhi banxusa abantu ukuthi bagonywe.
Amadolobha amakhulu okuhlanganisa i-Los Angeles, i-San Francisco kanye ne-New York ahlanganisa imikhankaso yokuqwashisa umphakathi nezinhlelo zokugoma, ikakhulukazi amadoda alala namadoda kanye nabantu abashintsha ubulili.
Baxwayisa ngokuthi izehlakalo ze-mpox, ngaphambili ezazibizwa nge-monkeypox, zingasabalala kalula njengoba kuqhubeka imibukiso yokuziqhenya ye-LGBTQ+ ezayo.
“Inkathi yentwasahlobo nehlobo ngo-2023 ingaholela ekubuyeni kwe-mpox njengoba abantu bebuthana emikhosini neminye imicimbi,” kusho iCenters for Disease Control and Prevention. isexwayiso sezempilo Ngomsombuluko.
I-CDC ixwayise ngokuthi ngaphandle kokugoma okwengeziwe nezinye izindlela zokunciphisa igciwane, ukuqubuka kwezifo “kungaba kukhulu noma kukhulu kunango-2022.”
Nakuba noma ubani engathola i-mpox, leli gciwane kuze kube manje selithinte kakhulu amadoda angama-gay nabesilisa nabesifazane e-US Akulona igciwane elithathelwana ngocansi, kodwa ukuthintana eduze komzimba kuyindlela eyinhloko yokutheleleka.
NgoMeyi 11, iWorld Health Organisation yamemezela isimo esiphuthumayo sezempilo emhlabeni wonke, ngemuva konyaka leli gciwane lisabalale ngale kwezindawo zalo bhubhane.
Ukwehla kwamacala ngonyaka odlule kuholele ekwehleni okukhulu kwemigomo. Ngokwesibonelo, eLos Angeles County, ukugoma kwamasonto onke kwehlisiwe kusuka ku-8,000 ngonyaka odlule kuya cishe ku-100-150 ezinyangeni zamuva, kusho izikhulu.
Kepha abaphathi beBiden bathi ngoLwesibili bebengayekethisi, ikakhulukazi phakathi nokuqubuka kwamacala kwezinye izindawo.
“Nakanjani esikubonayo eChicago kuyisikhumbuzo sokuthi … asiphumile ehlathini. Sinomgomo wokugoma ongakaqediwe okwamanje,” kusho uDkt. Demetre Daskalakis, isekela lomxhumanisi wempendulo kazwelonke ye-mpox e-White House.
Phakathi kokunye, ihhovisi lakhe lihamba ngokushesha ukuqinisekisa ukuthi iminyango yezempilo yendawo inezinsiza zokubhekana namacala amasha.
“Sikuleyo ndawo lapho sizolindela khona ukubona amaqoqo, kodwa sinomgomo wethu, okuwukugoma abantu ukuze siqinisekise ukuthi siyawavimba,” kusho uDaskalakis etshela iThe Times.
Ukuqubuka kwamanje kwe-mpox kukhulu futhi kusabalele kakhulu ngokwezindawo kusukela kwatholakala leli gciwane ngo-1958. Sekube nezigameko ezingaphezu kuka-87,000 emhlabeni wonke emazweni angu-111 kanti abangu-140 babikwe emhlabeni jikelele. I-WHO ngonyaka odlule.
I-United States iqophe cishe Amacala angama-31,000 nokufa kwabantu abangama-42 onyakeni odlule. Ukuqubuka kwamanje kwe-US kwaqoshwa okokuqala eBoston. ICalifornia ihola ngamacala angama-5,759, ngokusho kwedatha etholakalayo yakamuva evela kwaCDC.
Ngaphandle kokukhathazeka kokuphindaphindeka, ukwehla okumangazayo kwamacala – ukusuka kumacala angama-600 ezweni lonke ngo-Agasti 1 kuya esilinganisweni samasonto onke esisodwa ngo-Ephreli – kumelela indaba ethile yempumelelo yokucindezela leli gciwane, okungenani okwamanje.
Inikeza nezifundo zokuqubuka kwekusasa.
Abanye ochwepheshe bezempilo batusa uMongameli uBiden ngokunyakaza kanzima ukuze axazulule inkinga yezempilo ye-mpox.
Ezinsukwini ngemuva kokuqinisekiswa kwecala laseBoston, uBiden uthe leli gciwane “liyinto okufanele wonke umuntu akhathazeke ngayo.”
UMnyango wakhe Wezempilo Nezinsizakalo Zabantu wenza inkontileka nomenzi womgomo waseDenmark ngalo lolo suku. Wahlanganisa a ithimba lokuxhumanisa elihlonishwa kabanzi ukuhola impendulo futhi phambilini wayeguqule isinqumo sikaMongameli uTrump sokuhoxisa i-United States ku-WHO.
Noma kunjalo, ukuqubuka kwamanje kwe-mpox kuye kwaba kukhulu kakhulu futhi kwanda kakhulu kunangaphambili. Ukuqubuka kwangaphambilini zazikhawulelwe ezimweni ezimbalwa ezingalandelelwa kubahambi bakamuva ezifundeni eziwumqedazwe e-Afrika, futhi zaqukethwe ngokushesha.
Ukuqubuka kwamanje kubone ukusakazeka komphakathi okusabalele futhi kutholakale kuzo zonke izifundazwe ezingama-50, iSifunda saseColumbia nasePuerto Rico.
Njengoba inciphe ngenxa yobhubhane lwe-COVID-19, izinhlelo zezempilo zazabalaza ukuthola isibambo ku-mpox ekuqaleni.
Ekuqaleni, ukuhlolwa kwe-mpox kwakunqunyelwe kumalebhu akhethiwe kanye nochwepheshe bezokwelapha, okwakudingeka baxhumane ne-red tape ukuze ba-ode futhi banqume. I-Tpoxx, isidakamizwa esiphenywayo esetshenziswa ukwelapha igciwane.
“Kunamaphepha amaningi okudingeka uwagcwalise ngohlelo lwezempilo lomphakathi lwakudala, lapho bekufanele udlule emnyangweni wezempilo wendawo, i-CDC ukuze uthole ukugunyazwa,” kusho uDkt Peter Chin-Hong, uprofesa wezokwelapha kanye uchwepheshe wezifo ezithathelwanayo e-UC San Francisco.
Isikhathi esijwayelekile sokugcwalisa ifomu le-Tpoxx sithathe odokotela amahora amabili, kusho uDaskalakis, ngaphambi kokuthi kwenziwe imizamo yokulifinyeza libe yimizuzu eyi-15.
Kwabe sekuba nezingxabano nomenzi womgomo waseDenmark. Ngenkathi eminye imithi yokugoma isikhona, izikhulu zezempilo zendawo zazizabalaza ukuphatha ukusatshalaliswa kwayo amawebhusayithi avame ukuphahlazeka njengoba amadoda akhathazekile kanye trans people bafuna aphoyintimenti.
Okunye ukubambezeleka kudalwe njengoba izikhulu ziphikisana ngokuthi zingaxhumana kanjani kangcono nomphakathi we-LGBTQ+ nokuthi isiphi iseluleko esingasinikeza mayelana nokuziphatha kocansi.
“Lokho bekuyinselelo enkulu uma kubhekwa iqiniso lokuthi abantu bafuna ukuba nobulili ngangokunokwenzeka,” kusho uChin-Hong. “Bekunokungabaza okukhulu ngoba ungafuni ukubonakala uhlaza abantu.”
Lezi zinselelo zakuqala kungenzeka zisize leli gciwane ukuthi likwazi ukugxila ezweni lonke.
“Okukhathazayo ukuthi ukubambezeleka okuvumele ukuthi leli gciwane lizinze kakhulu e-United States,” kusho uDkt. Bruce Y. Lee, uprofesa wenqubomgomo yezempilo nokuphatha eSikoleni Sezempilo Yomphakathi, eCity University yaseNew York. “Futhi uma kunjalo, sizoqhubeka nokukhokha izindleko zokungaphenduli ngokushesha nangempumelelo. [for] iminyaka eminingi ezayo.”
Into eyodwa esiza ekulweni ne-mpox kwakuwumphakathi we-LGBTQ+ ngokwawo.
Lowo mphakathi usuvele waphila ngaphansi kobhubhane lwe-HIV/AIDS olwathatha izimpilo zabaningi. Iphinde yabona ukuthi ukungenelela kwezempilo yomphakathi kanye nempumelelo yesayensi ikakhulukazi ngentuthuko yezemithi ngeke nje ivumele labo abaphila ne-HIV ukuthi baphile isikhathi eside, izimpilo ezigculisayo, kodwa futhi kuvimbele ukutheleleka okusha nge-HIV. imithi ye-PrEP futhi I-PEP.
Ngakho-ke lapho igciwane elisha lisongela lowo mphakathi, ukuthobela imiyalezo yezempilo yomphakathi kwakunamandla futhi – ngokuhluke kakhulu ku-COVID-19 – kwakungekho ukumelana okuncane ekugomeni.
“Angimcabangi umuntu obengayifuni. Eqinisweni, kwakuphambene; kwaba into yamathikithi ashisa kakhulu,” kusho uChin-Hong, ekhuluma ngomgomo. “Ifa le-HIV, ngicabanga ukuthi, lazisa kakhulu indlela umphakathi owawuhlangana ngayo hhayi nje ukwamukela ukungenelela okufana nemithi yokugoma noma ukufuna usizo, kodwa ebushoshovu.”
Ucwaningo olwenziwa abacwaningi base-Emory University luthole ukuthi ngaphandle kokwamukela umgomo, amadoda amaningi abesilisa abathandana nobulili obubili nawo aguqule indlela aziphatha ngayo ngokocansi ukuze aphendule ekuqubukeni kwe-mpox. It kutholiwe ukuthi u-48% wabaphenduli behlise abalingani babo bocansi kanye no-50% wabaphenduli behlise ucansi nozakwethu abatholakala ezinhlelweni zokusebenza zokuphola ezifana ne-Grindr nasemaphathini ocansi.
Lolo shintsho ekuziphatheni, “Ngicabanga ukuthi, lwamangaza ngisho nabantu abawazi kahle umphakathi njengami,” kusho uChin-Hong, futhi kwaba nesandla ekwehleni.
Kodwa usekhona umsebenzi okufanele wenziwe. I-CDC ilinganisela ukuthi u-23% kuphela yabantu abasemaqenjini asengozini bathole umgomo. Lokhu mhlawumbe kuwuphawu lokukhathala kobhubhane ngemva kwemizamo eminingi engaphumelelanga yokuthola umuthi wokugoma uhlanganiswe nokuncipha okucatshangwayo kobungozi njengoba amacala ayencipha.
Abaphathi bathemba ukuthi amazwi omphakathi athembekile afana noDaskalakis, oyisitabane, azoletha umyalezo wokuthi ukugoma i-mpox ngokuhambisana nezinye izindlela zempilo yezocansi. “Ngingatshela abantu ukuthi kuhle ngempela ukukhuthala ekuhleleni kwakho ihlobo … hlola uwoyela wakho bese ukhahlela amathayi njengoba usondela inkathi yokuziqhenya.”
Isifundo sokugcina, ochwepheshe bathi, ukubaluleka kokusebenza emhlabeni wonke ukuhlonza nokulwa namagciwane abulalayo.
Ngokungafani ne-COVID-19, i-mpox ibingeyona inoveli. Emashumini eminyaka, amazwe aseNtshonalanga naphakathi ne-Afrika alwa nokuqubuka okuncane. Ukube amazwe acebile njenge-US yenze okwengeziwe ukwabelana ngokwelashwa nemithi yokugoma nalawa mazwe ase-Afrika, ngabe avimbele i-pox ukuthi ingasakazeki emhlabeni wonke, kusho ochwepheshe.
“Inqobo nje uma okuthile kuyingozi engxenyeni ethile yomhlaba, kungase kusakazeke kalula kwezinye izingxenye,” kusho u-Lee. “Uma kwenziwa imizamo eyengeziwe yokulawula izifo ezithathelwanayo emazweni anezinsiza eziphansi, lokho kuzogcina kuvikela i-US”
