Riaan Intwasahlobo ngayinye, izakhamuzi zaleli dolobhana zazihlala phansi kwenye yezintaba-mlilo eziyingozi kakhulu emhlabeni zikhuphukela emhumeni eduze nomgodi wayo ukuze zenze umnikelo wokuthula.
Izipho zabo zezithelo, izimbali kanye ne-turkey okuphekwe ngemvukuzane emnandi kuhloswe ngayo ukubeka i-Popocatépetl, intaba-mlilo ecishe ibe ngamafidi angu-18,000 ukuphakama ebhekwa abaningi lapha hhayi nje njengesimangaliso se-geological, kodwa futhi njengesidalwa sasenganekwaneni esinesifiso eside sakha izimpilo. lalabo abasemithunzini yalo.
Kulezi zinsuku, ukuvumelana phakathi kwezakhamuzi kucacile: I-Popocatépetl ayijabulile.
Izakhamuzi zaseSantiago Xalitzintla, eMexico, zitshala ummbila emthunzini wentaba-mlilo yasePopocatépetl.
(Marco Ugarte / Associated Press)
Sekuyizinyanga manje, intaba-mlilo ikhafula amatshe ancibilikisiwe futhi idubula umlotha esibhakabhakeni.
Ukuqhuma kukhule kukhudlwana futhi kuvame kakhulu emasontweni asanda kwedlula – izindlu ezinyakazayo ezinomoya ophefumulayo izakhamuzi eziwuqhathanisa nokuphunyuka kwesitimu esitokisini esicindezelayo. Umlotha ompunga ngethambo umboza yonke into: izimoto, izitshalo ngisho nezinja ezicela izilahliwe emigwaqweni.
Ubuningi bomlotha – ingxube yamatshe, amaminerali kanye nezinhlayiya zengilazi kusuka ekujuleni kwentaba-mlilo – kwenze izikhulu zamisa izinkulungwane zezindiza ezikhumulweni zezindiza eziseMexico City nasePuebla futhi zamisa isikole cishe komasipala abayishumi nambili.
NgeSonto, izikhulu zenyuse izinga lokusatshiswa kwentaba-mlilo laya “kwiSigaba 3 Esiphuzi,” esifuna labo abahlala eduze nentaba-mlilo – okubandakanya izakhamizi eziyi-2,000 XNUMX zaseSantiago Xalitzintla – ukuthi balungiselele ukuphuma okungenzeka.
Nakuba le ntaba-mlilo ibonakala isebenza kakhulu manje kunalokho ebiyikho emashumini amabili eminyaka edlule, akukho okubonisa ukuthi kuyaqhubeka ukuqhuma okuyinhlekelele, kusho u-Ana Lillian Martín del Pozzo, isazi sentaba-mlilo e-Geophysics Institute of the National Autonomous University of Mexico. Sekungamakhulu eminyaka intaba-mlilo yagcina ukuxosha ukugeleza okukhulu kodaka.
Abahamba ngezinyawo bawela umgwaqo ombozwe umlotha e-Atlixco, eMexico, ngoMeyi 22, 2023.
(Marco Ugarte / Associated Press)
Noma kunjalo, umlando omude wale ntaba-mlilo wokuqhuma okubhubhisayo kanye nabantu abayizigidi ezingu-24 abahlala endaweni engamakhilomitha angu-60 ukusuka emgodini wayo wentaba-mlilo kwenza iPopocatépetl ibe usongo olukhulu. Iziphathimandla azisebenzisi noma yimaphi amathuba.
Ososayensi baqapha umsebenzi wokuzamazama komhlaba, bahlola okuqukethwe kwamakhemikhali omlotha futhi bahlola amanye amamethrikhi abikezela umsebenzi wentaba-mlilo. Uhulumeni wobumbano uhlanganise amasosha ayi-7,000 uma kwenzeka kuba nesidingo sokuphuma.
Njengoba abalandeli be-geology bebuka okuphakelayo kwamavidiyo abonisa amadwala acwebezelayo avunguza ukusuka esiqongweni se-El Popolabo abahlala eceleni kwawo baye bawubukela ngenhlonipho nangokuntula uvalo.
Amasosha azulazula njengoba umlotha wentaba-mlilo yasePopocatépetl umboze emigwaqweni yaseSantiago Xalitzintla, eMexico.
(Marco Ugarte / Associated Press)
Izakhamizi ziqhubekile nomgubho wazo wosuku lukasanta ngempelasonto, zidansela iqembu elicula umculo njengoba kuqathaka umlotha, kubhuquza uthuli emigwaqweni okubukeka njengeqhwa.
Futhi nakuba abaningi bekhononda ngomphimbo obuhlungu, ukukhwehlela namehlo acasukile, ngokuvamile baye baqhubeka nokulima umhlaba, benakekela amahhashi abo futhi ngenye indlela beqhubeka nokuphila njengokujwayelekile.
“Sesikujwayele,” kusho uNazario Galicia, umlimi oneminyaka engu-81 ubudala osanda kuphakela izimbongolo zakhe emini yantambama njengoba inqwaba yamasosha esizwe ehla esigodini izoshanela umlotha. “Ogogo nomkhulu bethu babehlala nentaba-mlilo, kanti nogogo nomkhulu babo babehlala nayo.”
Abantu ababili bagqoke ama-hoodies namamaski ukuze bazivikele emlotheni okhishwe intaba-mlilo yase-Popocatépetl e-Atlixco, e-Mexico, ngoMeyi 22, 2023. Umsebenzi wale ntaba-mlilo unyukile kuleli sonto elidlule.
(Marco Ugarte / Associated Press)
Njengabantu abaningi lapha, uGalicia ukholelwa ukuthi intaba-mlilo iwuhlobo lukankulunkulu – bambiza ngoDon Goyo – okuziphatha kwakhe kuxhumene kakhulu nomsebenzi womuntu.
U-Galicia wayezibuza ukuthi ingabe ukuqhuma okunamandla ezinsukwini ezisanda kwedlula bekwenzeka yini ngoba abantu basedolobheni abakwazanga ukuletha umnikelo wabo waminyaka yonke kule ntwasahlobo, lapho ukuqhuma okunamandla kwentaba-mlilo kwakhipha umqansa. Noma mhlawumbe, wathi, intaba-mlilo ibiphendula izehlakalo zamanje, iveza ukunganeliseki kwayo ngezinga eliphezulu lodlame nenkohlakalo eMexico.
Owesifazane ushanela umlotha wentaba-mlilo yasePopocatépetl eSantiago Xalitzintla, eMexico.
(Marco Ugarte / Associated Press)
I-Popocatépetl kanye nentaba-mlilo eseduze, i-Iztaccihuatl ethule, kubonakale kukhulu ezinganekwaneni zaseMexico kusukela okungenani esikhathini sama-Aztec.
Ngokwenganekwane ethile ethandwayo, zakhiwa ngemva kokuba izithandani ezinemihuzuko – iqhawe uPopocatepetl kanye nenkosazana u-Iztaccihuatl – bafa ukufa okudabukisayo futhi baguqulwa baba ngamatshe.
Ukuqhuma kukaPopocatépetl kuye kwasusa abantu ezindaweni zabo esikhathini esidlule. Abavubukuli bathi indawo yokuhlala yaseSpain engekude neSantiago Xalitzintla yangcwatshwa kabili ngomlotha ngaphambi kokuba abeLungu bafike eMexico.
Intaba-mlilo ibithule cishe ingxenye yekhulu leminyaka elidlule kodwa yaphindela ekuphileni ngochungechunge lweziqhumane ezincane eziqala ngawo-1990.
Uhulumeni wayala ukuba kuphume abantu, futhi abanye abantu bendawo bathutha. Kodwa izakhamuzi eziningi zabuya, zathatha imikhuba emisha njengokumboza amanzi nokudla kwezilwane zasemapulazini ukuze kuvinjelwe ukusuleleka ekuweni komlotha. Abaningi, nabo, baye bamukela uhlobo lwamahlaya oluqinile ukuze babhekane nokuphila eduze nosongo oluhlala lukhona.
Izakhamuzi zaseSantiago Xalitzintla, eMexico, idolobhana elingaphansi kwentaba-mlilo yasePopocatépetl, zikhuphukela emhumeni oseduze nomgodi ovulekile ukuze zenze umnikelo wokuthula.
“Siyethemba ukuthi kuzodamba,” kusho uJuana Hernández, 55, ngesikhathi eqeda ama-taco akhe eduze kweplaza yedolobha ngenye intambama kuleli sonto. “Uma kungenjalo kuzofanele silethe umnikelo.”
Wayezibuza ukuthi inkukhu izokwenzani. Umngani wakhe uFrancisca de los Santos, 56, ube nomunye umqondo. “Mhlawumbe kufanele sidele enye yamadoda ethu,” esho ehleka.
Laba bangani bathi abakaze babuthi quthu ubuthongo kulezi zinsuku ezedlule, ngenxa yokuduma kwentaba-mlilo. Kusihlwa, izakhamuzi zibuthana ngaphandle emakhazeni ukuze zibuke ukuqhuma kukhanyisa isibhakabhaka ebusuku.
Izingane eziningi ziyesaba i-pyrotechnics. Abanye babenxuse abazali babo ukuba babafunele indawo entsha yokuhlala.
Kepha ngaphandle komphimbo wakhe ovuthayo, amehlo aklwebhekayo kanye nokukhathazeka ngokuthi izihlahla zezithelo zomndeni wakhe zingase zingasindi emfucumfucwini ephephuka yintaba-mlilo, uDe Los Santos uthe akakwazi ukucabanga ehlala kwenye indawo.
Phela, kule ngxenye Mexico othambekele kangaka izinhlekelele zemvelo – lapho ukuzamazama komhlaba ingalinganisa izakhiwo zamafulethi ngemizuzwana – kukhona ukuziqhenya okuthile okuza nokuhlala eduze nengozi.
U-Agustín Ochoa, 64, ongumnikazi wesitolo sezigqoko edolobheni elilandelayo, uthe impilo ijabulisa kakhulu ngaphansi kwentaba-mlilo.
“Ngosuku okungeke kuqhume ngalo,” esho njengoba ekhuhla umlotha wezigqoko eziningana ezimhlophe ze-cowboy, “sizowukhumbula.”
UCecilia Sánchez Vidal osehhovisi le-Times’ Mexico City ufake isandla kulo mbiko.
Umlotha wentaba-mlilo uvala umbono wedolobha lase-Atlixco, eMexico.
(Marco Ugarte / Associated Press)
