Riaan I-US International Trade Administration (ITA) ivumile ukuthi ikhuthaza ukudayiswa kwe-spyware yezentengiselwano egunyazwe iMelika kohulumeni bangaphandle, futhi ngeke iphendule imibuzo ngakho, ngokusho kukaSenator wase-US uRon Wyden (D-OR).
U-Wyden, encwadini ayibhalele uNobhala Wezohwebo wase-US u-Gina Raimondo, ufune izimpendulo mayelana nobuchwepheshe bokugada kanye namaphoyisa i-ITA – isikhungo sikahulumeni wase-US – esiphusha iye kwamanye amazwe. Futhi ufuna le nhlangano iqambe amagama uma kukhulunywa ngokuthi yiziphi izinkampani zenhloli ezikhushulwa ngamadola ase-US.
I-ITA igcinwe ngaphakathi koMnyango Wezohwebo wase-US futhi inikezwe umsebenzi wokuthuthukisa ukuthunyelwa kwe-America ngaphandle. U-Wyden ungusihlalo weKomidi Lezezimali leSenate, elinesibopho senqubomgomo yohwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe, futhi akajabule.
Ilungu lesigele liqale lacela ulwazi ku-ITA mayelana nokuphromotha ama-spyware phesheya ngoMeyi 2022. Ngaleso sikhathi, i-ejensi yaqinisekisa ukuthi iphromothe lolu hlobo lobuchwepheshe, kodwa ayizange iphendule imibuzo mayelana nokuthi yimiphi imikhiqizo eyigunyazayo nokuthi yiziphi izimakethe.
Zombili lezi zinto ziyinkinga. I-spyware yezentengiselwano ike yasetshenziswa ngokomlando ukukhomba izishoshovu, izintatheli, kanye nabaphikisana nezombusazwe, futhi lapho igcina ezandleni zemibuso enegunya, laba bantu. angagcina efile.
NgoMashi, i-ejensi yatshela ihhovisi likaWyden ukuthi inomgomo omusha wokukhawulela ukukhuthazwa kwalezi zinhlobo zemikhiqizo emisebenzini – kodwa i-ITA yenqaba ukwabelana ngaleyo nqubomgomo ngaphandle kwesicelo esisemthethweni.
UWyden akazange angabaze. Encwadini [PDF] ngoLwesihlanu, ucele i-ejensi ukuthi ibone inqubomgomo, waphinde wafuna ukuthi i-ITA inikeze inqwaba yemininingwane mayelana nezinkampani zobuchwepheshe bokuqapha esebenza nazo, nokuthi ithatha kanjani izinqumo mayelana nokuthi yimaphi amabhizinisi azowasiza.
I-ITA kumele ibe sobala mayelana nokuphromotha kwayo okwedlule nokwamanje kwalobu buchwepheshe phesheya
“Njengoba nazi, abaphathi beBiden bakubonile ukuthi ubuchwepheshe bokuqapha buvame ukusetshenziswa ohulumeni ukuze bahlasele imfihlo yezakhamizi zabo, bavumele udlame nokucwasa, futhi balimaze ngokungafanele imiphakathi enganakiwe futhi esengozini,” kubhala uWyden.
“Uma kubhekwa intshisekelo eshiwo yabaphathi yokukhawulela ukuhlukumeza amalungelo abantu okwenziwa yilaba buchwepheshe, i-ITA kumele iphumele obala mayelana nokukhuthazwa kwayo kwangaphambilini nokwamanje kwalobu buchwepheshe phesheya.”
Ngokukhethekile, u-Wyden ufuna i-ITA ibhale ohlwini “izinkampani ezigadayo, zamaphoyisa, noma zobuchwepheshe bokuphepha komphakathi” ezinikeze usizo lwezohwebo kule minyaka emihlanu edlule.
Lokhu kubandakanya izinkampani ezithengisa izinhlelo zamaphoyisa eziqagelayo; ubuchwepheshe be-biometric surveillance; amasistimu okuqapha asemoyeni aphezulu; izibambi zomazisi zababhalisele bamazwe ngamazwe kanye nezinye izilingisi zesizindalwazi seselula; isofthiwe noma i-hardware esetshenziselwa ukuthola ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe kumakhalekhukhwini, ikhompuyutha, isevisi yekhompyutha, noma inethiwekhi yekhompyutha; imininingwane yomuntu siqu ebucayi; imikhiqizo yokugada esebenzisa ubungozi ku-SS7 kanye ne-Diameter ukuze ilandelele ukude amafoni, ibambe imilayezo yombhalo namakholi, futhi ilethe uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha; ubuchwepheshe bokuqapha i-inthanethi ngobuningi; isofthiwe yokuqapha izinkundla zokuxhumana; izinhlelo zokubona izibhamu; kanye nezinhlelo zokuphatha idatha ezinikeza ukugcinwa, ukuhlanganiswa, nokuhlaziywa kwedatha eqoqwe kubuchwepheshe bokuqapha.
Ngaphezu kokuqamba noma yiliphi ibhizinisi i-ITA esebenze nalo elihlinzeka nganoma yiziphi izimpahla nezinsizakalo ezisohlwini, u-Wyden ufuna ukwazi ukuthi yiziphi izimakethe zangaphandle namakhasimende abahlosile, futhi yimiphi imithetho – uma ikhona – “inciphisa ukuqonda i-ITA enquma ukusiza ngakho. izinkampani kule mikhakha.” Izimiso zokuziphatha, ngamanye amazwi. Ubuye abuze ngokuqeqeshwa izikhulu zeCommerce Dept ezikutholayo mayelana nalobu buchwepheshe, okuhlanganisa nokuqeqeshwa mayelana nezingozi imikhiqizo yokugada ezimakethe ezisengozini enkulu yokuphulwa kwamalungelo abantu.
Incwadi eya kuMnyango Wezohwebo iza ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngemuva kokuthi uMongameli wase-US uJoe Biden ekhiphe umyalo wokuba (ngandlela-thile) vimbela uhulumeni wase-US ekusebenziseni izinhloli zezentengiselwano.
Ekukhipheni umyalo, abaphathi beBiden waveza ukuthi inhloli yezohwebo isetshenziswe imibuso enegunya ukuze iqondise izishoshovu nezintatheli, isetshenziswe ngaphandle kwegunya elifanele emibusweni yentando yeningi, futhi ibeka engcupheni yokuvikeleka e-US nakwamanye amazwe. ®
