Riaan Ngemva kwamasonto ambalwa udokotela ohlinzayo uDkt. Vivek Murthy ekhiphe iseluleko sokuthi kuthuthukiswe ukuxhumana nabantu baseMelika, iseluleko sesibili – esinesihloko esithi “Social Media and Youth Mental Health” – sixwayisa ngomthelela omubi ongaba khona wezinkundla zokuxhumana. izingane kanye nentsha.
Ngombono wokuthi inkundla yezokuxhumana – naphezu kokunikeza izinzuzo ezithile – ayiphephile ngokwemvelo ezinganeni, iseluleko esinamakhasi angu-25 sichaza ubungozi obuvezayo.
Lezo zingozi zihlanganisa ukudangala, ukukhathazeka, ukudla okungenamsoco, izinkinga zokulalaukuphazamiseka kokunaka, ukuzethemba, imizwa yokushiywa inyumbazane nemibono yokuzibulala, phakathi kokunye.
UMurthy futhi uncoma izindlela abenzi bezinqubomgomo, izinkampani zobuchwepheshe, abazali, abanakekeli, izingane kanye nentsha ezinganciphisa ubungozi.
UDOKOTELA OJWAYELEKILE UKHULULA ISELULEKO ESIBIZELA OKUTHUTHUKISWA UKUXHUMANA KOMPHAKATHI
Izixazululo ezingaba khona zihlanganisa ukubeka izindinganiso zokuphepha eziqinile nemikhawulo, ukuvikela ubumfihlo bezingane, ukusungula izindawo ezingenazo ubuchwepheshe ekhaya kanye nokuvimbela noma ukubika okuqukethwe okungafunwa noma okungaphephile.
“Intsha efinyelela ku-95% eneminyaka engu-13 kuya kwengu-17 ibika isebenzisa inkundla yezokuxhumana, ngaphezu kwengxenye eyodwa kwezintathu ithi isebenzisa izinkundla zokuxhumana ‘cishe njalo,” kusho uMurthy kulo mbiko.
Iseluleko esisha esinesihloko esithi “Social Media and Youth Mental Health” sixwayisa ngomthelela omubi ongaba khona wenkundla yezokuxhumana ezinganeni nasentsheni. (iStock)
“Kufanele sivume indikimba ekhulayo yocwaningo mayelana nokulimala okungaba khona, sikhulise ukuqonda kwethu ngokuhlanganyela ubungozi obuhlobene nokusetshenziswa kwenkundla yezokuxhumana, futhi sithathe isinyathelo ngokushesha sokudala izindawo zedijithali eziphephile nezinempilo ezinciphisa ukulimala futhi zivikele izingane kanye nentsha’ impilo yengqondo nenhlalakahle ngezigaba ezibucayi zokuthuthuka,” eqhubeka.
UDkt. Zachary Ginder, ongudokotela we-clinical psychology e-Pine Siskin Consulting e-Riverside, e-California, uthe usishayela ihlombe iseluleko sikadokotela ohlinzayo.
“Sisenkingeni yezokuxhumana yesikhathi sangempela enemiphumela eshintsha impilo entsheni yethu,” etshela iFox News Digital.
“Nakuba singayazi imiphumela yesikhathi eside, kunobufakazi obukhulayo obubonisa ukuthi kunezingozi ezinkulu nezisheshayo ezihilelekile entsheni lapho isebenzisa izinkundla zokuxhumana isikhathi esiningi nesengeziwe, futhi ngeke ‘silinde sibone’. ukubhekana nalolu daba.”
Ubuye wengeza wathi, “Asizange silinde ukuhlaba umkhosi ngezinye izinto ezilimaza intsha, njenge-vaping, ukusetshenziswa kotshwala nezidakamizwafuthi lokhu akufanele kube okuhlukile.”
UDkt. Ryan Sultán, udokotela wengqondo yezingane eColumbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons eNew York Cityuthe uyazibonela ngawakhe umthelela wezinkundla zokuxhumana entsheni cishe nsuku zonke.
Kokwelulekwa okusha, Udokotela Ohlinzayo Jikelele Murthy (osesithombeni lapha) utusa izindlela abenzi bezinqubomgomo, izinkampani zobuchwepheshe, abazali, abanakekeli, izingane kanye nentsha ezinganciphisa ubungozi bezinkundla zokuxhumana. (Izithombe zikaGetty)
“Ukusebenzisa okungahloliwe kungalimaza ukuzethemba, kukhuthaze ukuziphatha kobuxhwanguxhwangu, kwephuce intsha ubuthongo futhi kube nomthelela omubi empilweni yayo yonke yengqondo,” etshela iFox News Digital.
“Lezi akuzona nje izinkinga ezingabonakali, kodwa yizindaba zangempela ezithinta impilo nenhlalakahle yabantu abasha nsuku zonke.”
USultan usenanela isixwayiso sikadokotela ohlinzayo jikelele mayelana nokuxhumana phakathi kokusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwenkundla yezokuxhumana kanye nemiphumela engemihle yezempilo yengqondo, ephawula ukuthi intsha echitha amahora angaphezu kwamathathu nsuku zonke ezinkundleni zokuxhumana ibhekene nengozi ephindwe kabili yokubhekana nezinkinga. ukucindezeleka nokukhathazeka.
“Isibonelo kungaba u-Emily, intombazane eneminyaka engu-15 ubudala echitha isikhathi esiningi ezinkundleni zokuxhumana iqhathanisa impilo yayo neyabanye,” kusho uSultan.
“Lokhu kuqhathanisa kungase kuholele emizweni yokungafaneleki nokuzehlisa, okwandise ingozi yakhe yokucindezeleka.”
“Sikuvivinyo lwesikhathi sangempela senkundla yezokuxhumana esinemiphumela eshintsha impilo entsheni yethu.”
Kodwa lokho akusho ukuthi izinkundla zokuxhumana zimbi, esho.
Ngasohlangothini oluhle, inikeza inkundla ebalulekile yokuxhumana, ikakhulukazi entsheni enganakiwe, engathola induduzo, ukwamukelwa kanye nomuzwa womphakathi ezinkundleni zokuxhumana,” kusho uSultan.
Lezi zinkundla ziphinde zibe neqhaza elibalulekile empilweni yabantu abasha, kuphawula udokotela.
“Intsha yanamuhla iphila ezweni lapho izinkundla zokuxhumana zingeyona nje inkundla – iyisici esibalulekile sabo. ubudlelwano phakathi kwabantu nokuziveza,” usho kanje.
Isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo siphakamisa ukusebenzisa “izikhathi ezingenazo ubuchwepheshe,” ezingase zihlanganise umthetho wokuthi amafoni avaliwe phakathi nesidlo sakusihlwa somndeni. (iStock)
“Ngakho-ke, kunokuba sixoshe inkundla yezokuxhumana ngokuqondile, sidinga ukugxila ekudaleni imodeli yezokuxhumana elinganiselayo ekhonza izidingo zentsha yethu ngaphandle kokuphazamisa impilo yabo yengqondo.”
Kubalulekile ukuthi abantu abadala babhekane namaqiniso uma kuziwa ekukhawuleleni ukusetshenziswa kwenkundla yezokuxhumana, kusho uDkt. Patricia Pinto-Garcia, udokotela wezingane kanye nomhleli wezokwelapha kwaGoodRx. eSanta Monica, eCalifornia.
“Ukunqunywa kwedijithali cishe akunakwenzeka,” utshele iFox News Digital.
Ukusiza abazali nabanakekeli ukuthi benze ngokuvumelana nezincomo zomeluleki, i-Fox News Digital iqoqe amathiphu namasu angasebenza kochwepheshe bezempilo yengqondo nodokotela bezingane.
Yiba nezingxoxo ezivulekile nezithembekile
Ngokuvumelana nezincomo zomeluleki, u-Ginder ugcizelele ukubaluleka kokuthi abazali nabanakekeli babe nezingxoxo ezivulekile nezithembekile nezingane mayelana nobudlelwano bazo nezinkundla zokuxhumana, nokuthi (futhi kangakanani) bazisebenzisa.
“Ukufundisa nokuqinisa njalo ukuthi imikhuba ephephile eku-inthanethi ibonakala kanjani endaweni yanamuhla kuyisici esibalulekile sohlelo oluphelele lokusebenzisa izinkundla zokuxhumana zezingane,” etshela iFox News Digital.
Lokhu akumele kube yingxoxo yesikhathi esisodwa nje, kusho uPinto-Garcia.
“Lezi zingxoxo kumele ziqhubeke – futhi kahle, zizoqala ngaphambi kweminyaka yobusha,” weluleka. “Ukukhuluma nengane yakho ngezinkundla zokuxhumana kufanele kungene ebhakedeni elifanayo nokukhuluma nayo ngocansi, utshwala, izidakamizwaukubhema nokushayela okuphephile.”
Setha okulindelweyo mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwenkundla yezokuxhumana
Izingane kufanele zazi ukuthi KULUNGILE nini ukusebenzisa izinkundla zokuxhumana nokuthi isikhathi esingakanani usuku ngalunye, kusho uPinto-Garcia.
Abazali nabanakekeli kufanele futhi banqume ukuthi izingane zineminyaka emingaki ezivunyelwe kuziphi izinkundla futhi bachaze imithetho yazo yokugadwa.
“Kunobufakazi obandayo obuphakamisa ukuthi kunezingozi ezinkulu nezisheshayo ezihilelekile entsheni lapho isebenzisa izinkundla zokuxhumana isikhathi esiningi nesandisiwe,” kusho isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo etshela iFox News Digital. (iStock)
“Namathela kulokho okulindele – noma ngabe leyo akuyona inkundla yezokuxhumana ngemuva kokulala noma ukugunyazwa kokugcina kwakho konke okuthunyelwe noma ukuhlolwa okuvamile kokuqukethwe,” kusho yena.
I-Ginder iphakamisa ukusebenzisa “izikhathi ezingenazo ubuchwepheshe,” isibonelo, ezingadala amathuba okubopha.
Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise nomthetho wokuthi amafoni ayavalwa ngesikhathi sesidlo sakusihlwa ukuze abanakekeli nezingane zabo bahlanganyele ezingxoxweni ezimbili.
Isikhathi sasebusuku nesikhathi sokulala kufanele futhi kungabi bikho ezobuchwepheshe, kusikisele udokotela.
“Ubufakazi buveza ukuthi isikhathi sesikrini kanye nokusetshenziswa kwenkundla yezokuxhumana kungaphazamisa ukulala okunekhwalithi, okubalulekile ekuthuthukisweni okunempilo,” esho.
Njengengxenye yokubeka imingcele, omunye udokotela wezingane utshele iFox News Digital ukuthi kubalulekile ukusungula inqubomgomo yokungabubekezeleli nhlobo ubuxhwanguxhwangu. (iStock)
Endlini yakhe, u-Ginder uthi ingane yakhe yenze “i-tech check-in” njalo kusihlwa okungenani ihora elilodwa ngaphambi kokulala, evumela ukuthi umoya ubheke phansi ngaphandle kwanoma yiziphi izikrini.
Abantu abadala nabo banesibopho sokumodela imikhuba enempilo yenkundla yezokuxhumana, kusho uGinder.
“Ngikhuthaza bonke abazali ukuthi baqale ukubheka imikhuba yabo endleleni abaziphatha ngayo ocingweni, ikakhulukazi uma benezingane zabo,” usho kanje.
Yenza isikhathi ‘sokuhlola okwangempela’
Kulula kakhulu ukuthi izingane zibambeke ogibeni lokuqhathanisa njengoba ziphenya izimpilo zabanye ezibonakala ziphelele – yingakho u-Pinto-Garcia efuna “ukuhlolwa okungokoqobo.”
Wathi, “Njengoba nje udinga ukutshela ingane encane ukuthi okuku-TV akulona iqiniso, udinga ukukhumbuza ingane yakho ukuthi inkundla yezokuxhumana ayiyona into emele iyiqiniso, nayo.”
“Njengoba udinga ukutshela ingane encane ukuthi okuku-TV akulona iqiniso, udinga ukukhumbuza ingane yakho ukuthi inkundla yezokuxhumana ayiyona into emele iqiniso eliyiqiniso,” kusho udokotela wezingane. (iStock)
Abazali kufanele babuze izingane ukuthi yini ezikubonile bese bezisiza zitolika izinto ngokucacile, udokotela uncoma.
“Izithombe zivame ukuguqulwa noma zihlungwe ukuze zinikeze umbono ongcono kakhulu,” kusho yena.
“Khumbula, ingqondo yentsha isakhula – futhi [kids] basadinga usizo lokucubungula imilayezo abayithola ezinkundleni zokuxhumana.”
Fundisa izingane mayelana nemingcele yenkundla yezokuxhumana
Kungumsebenzi wabazali nabanakekeli ukufundisa izingane ngokuphepha ezinkundleni zokuxhumana, kusho uPinto-Garcia.
“Kumele bazi ukuthi yini elungile ukuyithumela nengalungile,” kusho yena. “Kudingeka baqonde ukubaluleka kokuvikela ubumfihlo babo – kanye nemfihlo yabangane babo nomndeni – nokuthi bazigcina kanjani bephephile ku-inthanethi.”
“Ukunqunywa kwedijithali cishe akunakwenzeka.”
Abazali kufanele bafune ukuthi izingane zicele imvume ngaphambi kokuthumela, kusho udokotela.
Njengengxenye yokubeka imingcele, kubalulekile ukusungula inqubomgomo yokungabekezeleli nhlobo ubuxhwanguxhwangu, kusho u-Pinto-Garcia.
“Fundisa ingane yakho ngokuthi ubuxhwanguxhwangu be-inthanethi bungase bubukeke kanjani,” kusho yena. “Kufanele bazi ukuthi ubuxhwanguxhwangu abulungile – futhi kufanele nawe ulingise lokho kuziphatha.”
Izingane ezibhekana nokuxhashazwa ku-inthanethi kufanele zenziwe zizizwe zikhululekile ukuza a umzali noma umnakekelikusho uPinto-Garcia.
“Mabazi ukuthi akusiyo into engaba namahloni, noma yini eyenzekayo nizobasiza bathole isixazululo,” kusho yena.
Sebenzisa ‘ilensi yokuthuthukisa’ ezinkundleni zokuxhumana
Ubudlelwano bengane ngayinye nendlela esabela ngayo ezinkundleni zokuxhumana buzohluka, kunezici ezinjengobudala, izinga lokuvuthwa nolwazi lokuphila, kusho ochwepheshe.
“Ingxenye yesixazululo senkemba esika nhlangothi zombili ezinkundleni zokuxhumana entsheni ukusondela kuyo nge-lens yentuthuko,” uSultán waseNew York City etshela iFox News Digital.
“Kuhilela ukuqonda isigaba samanje sokukhula kwengane noma osemusha kanye nokuhlela ukuchayeka kwayo ezinkundleni zokuxhumana ngendlela efanele.”
Ngokuvumelana nezincomo zabeluleki, isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo sigcizelele ukubaluleka kokuthi abazali nabanakekeli babe nezingxoxo ezivulekile nezithembekile nezingane mayelana nobudlelwano bazo nezinkundla zokuxhumana. (iStock)
Isibonelo, ingane eneminyaka engu-13 ubudala ingase ingabi nakho ukukhuthazela ngokomzwelo okufanayo noma ukuqonda okuqukethwe ku-inthanethi njengokungathi ingane eneminyaka engu-17 ubudala, waveza.
“Ukubona lo mehluko nokulungisa ukuchayeka nokusetshenziswa kwenkundla yezokuxhumana ngokusekelwe emandleni engane ngayinye nokuba sengozini kungaholela ekuzizwiseni okunempilo ku-inthanethi,” esho.
Dala umphakathi
Nakuba izinkundla zokuxhumana zingakha umuzwa wokuxhumana kanye nomphakathi entsheni, zingase futhi zibangele imizwa yokuhlukaniswa nokushiywa ngaphandle, kusho ochwepheshe.
“Asikwazi ukuthatha indlela ‘yokulinda sibone’ kulolu daba.”
Kubalulekile ukwengeza ukusetshenziswa kwenkundla yezokuxhumana nomphakathi “wangempela” oweseka impilo nenhlalakahle yentsha iyonke, kusho uPinto-Garcia.
“Ufuna umphakathi ozungeze umndeni wakho ongaqinisa okulindelweyo,” kusho yena. “Bambisana nabanye abazali ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi nonke nindawonye mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwenkundla yezokuxhumana.”
CHOFOZA LAPHA UKUZE Ubhalisele IPHEPHA LETHU LEZEMPILO
Nakuba imibuzo nezinselele zisekhona, ochwepheshe bayavuma ukuthi iseluleko sikadokotela ohlinzayo siyisinyathelo esiqonde endleleni efanele.
“Sekukonke, nakuba kunezinselelo ezisobala ezihambisana nokusetshenziswa kwenkundla yezokuxhumana ezinganeni nasebancane, iseluleko sikadokotela ohlinzayo sinikeza umgwaqo oqinile futhi ocatshangelwayo wokunciphisa ubungozi,” kusho uSultán.
CHOFOZA LAPHA UKUZE UTHOLA UHLELO LOKUSEBENZA IZINDABA ZEZIMpungushe
“Indlela eya phambili idinga ukubambisana, ukubeka izinto obala nokuzibophezela ekubekeni phambili impilo yengqondo yentsha yethu.”
